American Foundation
ForTHEBLIND inc.
C 1
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2010 with funding from
Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation
http://www.archive.org/details/annualreportoftr5860perk
FIFTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL KEPORl
THE TRUSTI]ES
PERKINS INSTITUTION
aHfiHchiifiettfj School for i\\t ^liiul
FOJt THE YEAl: KNIlINtJ
SEPTEMBER 30, 18.S9.
BOSTON :
WHICH r .V roiTER printing co., state printers,
18 Post Okkick S<ii:Ai:i:. 18"J0.
TABLE OF CONTENTS.
C()iinmini(;;ttioii to the Scorctaiy of Stiitf.
Ollk'ors of tlie Corporation, ......
Orticor.s of tlie Tn.-^titulion,
Members of the Corporation, ......
I'roeeedings of tlie Annual M(H;ting of the Corporation, .
Report of thk Tuustees,
1. Number and Health of the Pupils, p. IS. — 2. The School, ].. 24. — 3. CoiiinieiK'enieiit Kxerciscs, p. 26. — 4. The Work Depai'tment, p. 28. — 5. The Kiiideri;arteii for the Blind, \t. 30. — d. The Finances, p. 37. — 7. Repairs and Imi)roveincnts, p. 38. — 8. Printing for the Blind, p. 39. —9. The Workshop for Adults, p. 40.— 10. Death of Meml)ers of tlie Corporation, p. 41.
TiiiKi) Annual Repout ok the KiNi>EK(i.\PtTEX fou the Blind, Otticers of the Corporation, p. 4.i. — OfHcers of the Kindergarten, p. 43. — Establishment of the Kindergarten, p. 46. — Third Annual Report of the Director, ]>. 47. — Financial Condition and Needs of the Kindergai'ten, p. 47. — Grading, ]>. 48. — School M^ork, p. 49. — Edith M. Thomas, p. 50. — Ladies' Visiting Committee, p. 67. — Summary, p. 72. — Report of the Matron, p. 73. — Proceedings of the Reception given at tlie Kindergarten, p. 76.
Aeknowledgments,
Treasurer's Account, ........
( Jeneral Statement of Receipts and Disliursenients, .
Anal3'sis of tiie Maintenance Account, ....
Printing Fund Statement, .......
Kindergarten Fund Statement,
Work Department — Statement,
Accomit of Property, Sept. ."0, 1SS9,
Financial Statement of tlie Kindergarten,.
List of Contriliutors to the Kindergarten Kiidowinent Fund.
( ontributions for Current Expenses
List of Embossed Books,
0
7
.s
10
IS
43
87
;h :m.
!I7
t>7
!»8
W
lo-j
Ki;;
110
11:5
List of Appliances and Taiit;il)l(' Apparatus,
APPENDIX A,
Proceedings of the C'oniuicncenient Exercises, APPENDIX B, . Preventable Blindness, APPENDIX C, . Laura D. Bridgman, .
TAGK
IKi 110 1-Jl 141 143 147 119
NOTE. I desire to express ray obligations to Miss Martha W. Sawyer, clerk, and to Miss Sarah E. Lane, librarian, for verj' valuable assistance in the preparation of this report. J. A. B.
' /
Commniitocaltlj: ^f ||l;issacl^usdts»
Perkins Institution and Mass. Scmiool for the Blind, South Boston, Nov. 11, 1889.
To the lion. IIeniiy B. Peirce, Secretary of State, Boston.
Dear Sir: — I h:ive the honor to transmit to you, for
the use of the LegisUiture, a copy of the tifty-eighth annual
report to this corporation by the trustees thereof, together
with the usual accompanying documents.
Respectfully,
JOHN A. BENNETT,
Sccreiari/ pro tcm.
OFFICERS OF THE CORPOKATIOI^.
1889-90.
SAMUEL ELIOT, LL.D., President. JOHN CUMMIN GS, Vice-President. EDWARD JACKSON, Treasurer. jNL ANAGNOS, Secretary.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
FRANCIS BKOOKR.
JOIINS.DWIGHT.
WILLIAM ENDICOTT, Jii.
JOSEPH B. GLOVER.
J, THEODORE HEARD, M.D.
ANDREW P. PEABODY, D.D.
EDWARD N. PERKINS. WILLIAM L. RICHARDSON, M.D. LEVERETT SALTONSTALL. THOMAS F. TEMPLE. S. LOTIIROP TIIORNDIKE. GEORGE W. WALES.
STANDING COMMITTEES. Monthly Visiting Committee,
tv/to.si' (hit)/ il, ix to ritiit rnul inftpert tlw Institution ut l.caxt once. In fucli iminlli. 1890. 1890.
January, V. Br.ooKS.
February, .... J. S. Dwight.
March, \V. Endicott, Jk.
April A. P. Peabody.
May, J. T. Heard.
June, J. B. Glover.
July, E.N. Perkins.
August W. L. RiCUARDSOX.
September, . . . . L. Saltonstall.
October, T. F. Temple.
Novembei;, . . . . S. L. Thorndikb.
December G. W. Wales.
Committee on Education.
j. s. dwigut. Francis Brooks. A. P. Peabody.
House Committee.
E. N. I'KUKINS.
G. W. Wales. Francis Brooks.
Committee on Finance.
S. L. TllORNDIKE.
J. B. Glover. W. Endicott, Jr. T. F. Temple.
Committee on Health. J. Theodore Heard, M.D.
W. L. RiCUARDSON, M.D.
T. F. Temple.
Auditors of Accounts,
J. T. Heard, M.D. B, h. Thorndike.
OFFICERS OF TITE I^^STITUTION.
DIRECTOR. I ACTING DIRECTOR.
M. AXACXOS. .lOlIX A. liENXivrr.
MEDICAL INSPECTOR.
.1 () II X no M AN s, Ai.n.
LITERARY DEPARTMENT. EDWARD K. ATJ,KN'. Miss DELLA BKXNETT.
Miss MAKY II()\VA1'J>. Miss SARAH M. LllA.KY.
Miss KATE F. (ilBRS. Mi.ss FANXY S. MARRKT'I"
Miss JLLIA A. ROYLAX. . Miss EMMA A. COOTJDGE.
ELWYX 11. FOWLER.
Miss SARAH ELIZABETH LANE, UhvuruiH. Miss MARTHA W. SAWYER, Chrl;.
DEPARTMENT OF MUSIC
THOMAS REEN'ES.
ELMER. S. HOSMER.
Miss FREDA A. BLACK.
Miss ELIZABETH B. LAXGLEY.
Miss MARY L. RILEY.
Miss AGXES E. SXYDER.
LEMUEL W. TITUS.
THOMAS LEVERETT.
LOREXZO WHUrU.
CARL RAERMANX. GEORCiE .1. PARKER. -JUiJUS AKEROYD.
Music Readers. Miss ALLIK S. KXAl'I'. Miss ALICE BRYAXT. Miss TIIKODOSIA C. BEXSON.
TUNING DEPARTMENT.
JOEL U'EST SMI'J'H, Listmctor and Munaf/fr.
GEORGE E. HART, Tinvr.
DEPARTMENT OP MANUAL TRAINING. Workrooms for Juveniles. .TOHX H. WRIGHT, Work .VuxUr. Miss A. J. DILLLXGIIAM, ^york Mhlress.
EUGEXK C. HOWARD, Asxhtnul. Miss MARY L. SAXFORD, Asuistunt.
THO.\rAS CARROLL, As-sislaut. Miss FLORA J. McXABB, AssisUmt.
Workshop for Adults. AXTHOXY W. BOWDEX, .V<(n<i<in\ Miss M. A. DWELLY, Forewoman.
PLIXY MORRILL, Foremait. Miss ELLEX M. WHEELOCK, CieH:
DOMESTIC DEPARTMENT.
Steward. Housekeepers in the Cottages.
Ax-rnoxv w. bowdkx. ^^^^ ^^ ^^ kxowltox.
Matrons. Mus. L. S. SMITIL
Miss MARIA C. MOULTOX. Miss BESSIE WOOD.
Miss ELLA F. FORD, Assistant. Mits. SOPHIA C. HOPKIXS.
PRINTING DEPARTMENT.
DEXXIS A. REARDOX Manoget:
Miss ELIZABETH 8. HOWE, Printer. Miss ^VNXIE MACK, Printer.
Miss ELLEX B. WEBSTER, Book-keeper.
8
MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATION.
All persons who have contributed twenty-five dollars to the funds of the institution, all who have served as trustees or treasurer, and all who have been elected by special vote, are members.
Adams, John A., Pawtucket, R. I. Adams, Waldo, Boston. Agassiz, Mrs. E. C, Cambridge. Alden, Mrs. Sara B., Boston. Aldrich, Miss Maiy Jane, Boston. Alger, Rev. William R., Boston. Ames, F. L., Boston. Ames, Oliver, Boston. Amory, C. W., Boston. Amory, ^Irs. William, Boston. Anagnos, M., Boston. Andrews, Mrs. Ellen, Boston. Ajjpleton, ]\Irs. Randolph M., ]S^e^y
York. Aj^jjleton, ]\rrs. William, Boston. Apthorp, William F., Boston. Atkins, Mrs. Elisha, Boston. Atkinson, Edward, Boston. Atkinson, William, Boston. Austin, Edwaixl, Boston. Aylesworth, H. B., Providence. Bacon, Edwin M., Boston. Bacon, JNIrs. E. P., Boston. Baker, ]\Irs. E. J. W., Dorchester. Baker, INlrs. E. M., Boston. Baker, Miss M. K., Boston.
Baker, INIrs. Richard, Jr., Boston. Balcli, F. v., Boston. Baldwin, William IL, Boston. Balfour, Miss Mary D., Boston. Ballard, Miss E., Boston. Barbour, E. D., Boston. Barker, Joseph A., Providence. Barrett, ^^'illiam E., Boston. Barstow, Amos C, Providence. Bartlett, Francis, Boston. Bartlett, Miss, Boston. Bartlett, Miss F., Boston. Bartlett, ]\Irs. ]\Iary E., Boston. Bartol, Rev. Cyrus A., Boston. Bartol, ]\Iiss Mary, Boston. Barrows, Rev. S. J., Dorchester. Beal, J. H., Boston. Beard, Hon. Alansou W., Boston. Beckwith, Miss A. G., Providence. Beckwith, Mrs. T., Providence. . Beebe, E. Pierson, Boston. Beebe, J. Arthur, Boston. Beebe, Mrs. J. Arthur, Boston. Bennett, Mrs. Eleanor, Billerica. Bigelow, Mrs. Prescott, Boston. Binney, William, Providence.
9
Black, G. N., Boston.
Blake, James II., Boston.
Blanchard, G. D. B., Maiden.
Boardman, Miss Cornelia B., Boston.
Bouni, Hon. A. ()., Bristol, 11. 1.
Bouve, Thomas T., Boston.
Bowditth, Mrs. E. B., Boston.
Bowditch, Dr. H. P., Jamaica Plain.
BoAvditch, Mrs. J. I., Boston.
Brackett, Mrs. Henry, Boston.
Brackett, jNIiss Nancy, Boston.
Bradlee, F. H., Boston.
Bradlee, INIiss Helen C, Boston.
Brewer, Cyrus, Boston.
Brewster, Osmyn, Boston.
Brimmer, Hon. Martin, Boston.
Brimmer, Mrs. Martin, Boston.
Brooke, Rev. Stopford W., Boston.
Brooks, Francis, Boston.
Brooks, Mrs. Francis, Boston.
Brooks, Mi's. F. A., Boston.
Brooks, Rev. Geo. W., Charlestown.
Brooks, Peter C, Boston.
Brooks, Rev. Pliilli23S, Boston.
Brooks, Shepherd, Boston.
Brown, B. F., Boston.
Brown, John A., Providence.
Brown, Mrs. John C, Providence.
Browne, A. Parker, Boston.
Bullard, W. S., Boston.
Bullock, ]\liss Julia, Providence.
Bumstcad, Mrs. Freeman J., Cam- bridge.
Bundy, James J., Providence.
Burnett, Joseph, Boston.
Burnham, T. O. II. P., Boston.
Burnham, William A., Boston.
Burton, J. W., M. D., Flushing, N. Y.
Cabot, W. C, Boston.
Callender, Walter, Providence.
Carey, The Misses, Cambridge.
Carpenter, Charles E., Providence.
Carter, Mrs. Helen B., West New- ton.
Cary, Miss A. P., Boston.
Cary, Miss Ellen G., Boston. Cass, Mrs. D. S., Boston. Case, Mrs. Laura L., Boston. Conter, .Joseph II., Boston. Chace, James II., Valley Falls, R. I, Chace, Hon. Jonathan, Valley Falls,
R.I. Chadwick, Mrs. C. C, Boston. Chamberlin, E. D., Boston. Chapin, E. P., Providence. Charles, Mrs. Mary C, jNIelrose. Cheever, Miss A. M., Boston. Cheever, Dr. David ^^^, Boston. Cheever, INIiss M. E., Boston. Cheney, Benjamin P., Boston. Chickering, George H., Boston. Chickering, l\Ii-s. Sarah M., Joy
Mills, Pa. Claflin, Hon. William, Boston. Clapp, William W., Boston. Clarke, Mrs. Jas. Freeman, Boston. Clarke, James W., Boston. Clement, Edwai'd II., Boston. Coates, James, Providence. Cobb, Mrs. Freeman, Boston. Cobb, Samuel C, Boston. Cobb, Samuel T., Boston. Cochrane, Alexander, Boston. Coffin, Mrs. W. E., Boston. Colt, Samuel P., Bristol, R. I. Comstock, Andrew, Providence. Coolidge, Dr. A., Boston. Coolidge, J. Randolph, Boston. Coolidge, Mrs. J. R., Boston. Coolidge, J. Templeman, Boston. Coolidge, Mrs. J. Templeman,
Boston. Coolidge, T. Jefferson, Boston. Cotting, C. U., Boston. Crocker, Mrs. U. II., Boston. Croft, Mrs. Carrie A., Boston. Crosby, .Joseph B., Boston. Crosb}', William S , Boston. Cruft, Miss Harriet O., Boston. Cummings, Mrs. Annie L , Port-
laiul, Maine.
10
Cummings, Charles A., Boston. Cummings, Hon. John, Woburn. Cunniff, Hon. M. M., Boston. Curtis, C. A., Boston. Curtis, Geoi*ge S., Boston. Curtis, Mrs. Mary S., Boston. Dalton, C. H., Boston. Dalton, airs. C. H., Boston. Darling, Cortes A., Providence, R. I. Darling, Hon. L. B., Pawtucket, R. I. Davis, Miss A. W., Boston. Day, Daniel E., Providence. Dean,Hon. Benjamin, South Boston. Devens, Rev. Samuel A., Boston. Dexter, Mrs. F. G., Boston. Dillaway, W. E. L., Boston. Dinsmoor, George R., Keene, N. H. Dow, Mrs. Moses A., Boston. Durant, William, Boston. Dwight, John S., Boston. Eaton, W. S., Boston. Eliot, Dr. Samuel, Boston. Elliott, ]\Irs. INIaud Howe, Boston. Ellis, Geoi'ge H., Boston. Emery, Francis F., Boston. Emery, Isaac, Boston. Emmons, J. L., Boston. Emmons, Mrs. Nath'l H., Boston. English, James E., New Haven,
Conn. Endicott, Henry, Boston. Endicott, INliss Mary E., Beverly. Endicott, William, Jr., Boston. Ernst, C. W., Boston. Farnam, ]\Irs. Ann S., New Haven. Faulkner, jSIrs. Charles, Boston. Faulkner, Miss Fannie M., Boston. Fay, H. H., Boston. Fay, Mrs. H. H., Boston Fay, Miss Sarah B., Boston. Fay, Miss S. M., Boston. Ferguson, Mrs. C. H., Dorchester. Ferris, M. C, Boston. Field, Mrs. E. E. V., Milton. Field, Mrs. Nancy M., Monson. Fields, Mrs. James T., Boston.
Fisk, Rev. Photius, Boston.
Fiske, J. N., Boston.
Fitz, Mrs. W. Scott, Boston.
Folsom, Chai-les F., M.D., Boston.
Forbes, John M., Milton.
Forbes, Mrs. J. Malcolm, Milton.
Forbes, R. Bennett, Milton.
Foster, Francis C, Boston.
Foster, Mrs. Francis C, Boston.
Foster, John, Boston.
Freeman, Miss Hattie E., Boston.
French, Jonathan, Boston.
Frothingham, A. T., Boston.
Frothingham, Miss Ellen, Boston.
Frotliingham, Rev. Frederick, Mil- ton.
Frothingham, Rev. Octavius B., Boston.
Fry, ]\Irs. Chai'les, Boston.
Gaffield, Thomas, Boston.
Galloupe, C. W., Boston.
Gammell, Mrs. Wm., Providence.
Gardiner, Charles P., Boston.
Gardner, George A., Boston.
Gardner, Mrs. John L., Boston.
George, Charles H., Providence.
Gill, Mrs. Frances A., Boston.
Gill, ]Mrs. Mary E., Boston.
Glidden, W. T., Boston.
Glover, A., Boston.
Glovei", Miss Augusta, Boston.
Glover, Miss Caroline L., Boston.
Glover, J. B., Boston.
Goddard, Benjamin, Brookline.
Goddai-d, ]\Iiss Matilda, Boston.
Goddard, T. P. I., Providence.
Goddai'd, William, Providence.
Goff, Darius, Pawtucket, R. I.
Goff, Darius L., J'awtucket, R. I.
Goft', Lyman B., Pawtucket, R. I.
Goodman, Richard, Lenox.
Goodnow, Mrs. Lucie M., Cam- bridge.
Goodwin, Miss A. M., Cambridge.
Gray, Mrs. Ellen, New York City.
Gray, Mrs. Horace, Boston
11
(irccne, Echvjird A., rrovidence.
Greene, S. II., Kivei* Point, 11. I.
Greenleaf, Mrs. Jas. E., Cliarles- town.
Griffin, S. B., S])riii<^-lield.
Grover, William ()., Boston.
Grover, Mrs. William O., Boston.
Guild, Mrs. S. E., Boston.
Hale, Rev. Edward E., Boston.
Hale, (ieorge S., Boston.
Hall, J. R., Boston.
Hall, ]\Iiss L. E., Hanover. *
Hall, Mrs. L. M., Boston.
Hall, Miss Minna B., Longwood.
Hall, Mrs. INIartin L., Boston.
llanscom, Dr. Sanford, Somerville.
Harwood, George S. Boston.
Haskell, Edwin B., Auburndale.
Haven, Miss Charlotte M., Ports- mouth, N. II.
Haven, IMiss Eliza A., Portsmouth, N. H.
Ilayward, IIon.AVni. S., Providence.
Hazard, Rowland, Providence.
Head, Charles, Boston.
Heard, J. T., M.D., Boston.
Hearst, ]\Irs. Phebe A., San Fran- cisco, Cal.
Hemenway, INIrs. A , Boston.
Ilerford, Rev. Brooke, Boston.
Iligginson, Henry Lee, Boston.
Hill, Dr. A. S., Somerville.
Hill, Hon. Hamilton A., Boston.
Hill, Herbert E., Boston.
Hill, J. E. R., Boston.
Hill, Mrs. T. J., Providence.
Hodges, Dr. R, M., Boston.
Hodgkins, Frank E., Somerville.
Ilodgkins, William II., Somerville.
Hogg, John, Boston.
Holmes, John II., Boston.
Hooper, E. W., Boston.
Hoppin, Hon. W. W., Providence.
Hovey, William A., Boston.
Howard, Hon. A. C, Boston.
Howard, Mrs. Chas. W., California.
Howard, Hon. Henry, Providence.
Howe, Mrs. Julia \V^ard, Boston.
Howe, INIrs. Virginia A., Boston.
Howes, Miss E., Boston.
Ilowland, Mrs, Zenas C, Charles- town.
Houghton, Hon. II. O., Cambridge.
Humphrey, Benjamin, Boston.
Ilunnew^ell, Francis W., Boston.
Ilunnewell, II. II., Boston.
Hunnewell, Mrs. II. S., Boston.
Hutchins, JNIrs. Constantine F., Boston.
Ives, Mrs. Anna A., Providence.
Jackson, Charles C, Boston.
Jackson, Edward, Boston.
Jackson, Mrs. Dr. J. A., jNIanches- ter, N. II.
Jackson, Mrs. J. B. S., Boston.
Jackson, Patrick T., Boston.
Jackson, Patrick T., Jr., Cam- bridge.
James, ]Mrs. Clitheroe Dean, South Boston.
James, Mrs. Julia B. H., Boston.
Jenks, Miss C. E , Boston.
Johnson, Samuel, Boston.
Jones, Miss Ellen M., Boston.
Jordan, ]\Irs. E. D., Boston.
Joy, Mrs. Charles H., Boston.
Kasson, Rev. F. H., Fairhaven.
Kellogg, Mrs. Eva D., Boston
Kendall, C. S., Boston.
Kennard, Martin P., Brookline.
Kent, ]\Irs. Helena ]\I., Boston.
Kidder, iSIrs. Henry P., Boston.
Kilmer, Frederick M., Somerville.
Kimball, ]\Irs. David P., Boston.
Kimball, Mrs. j\l. Day, Boston.
Kinsley, E. W., Boston.
Kramer, Henr}" C, Boston.
Lamson, Miss C. W., Dedham.
Lang, B. J., Boston.
Lang, Mrs. B. J , Boston.
Lawrence, Abbott, Boston.
Lawrence, Mi's.Amos A., Brookline.
12
Lawrence, .lames, Groton.
Lawrence, Rev. AVm., Cambridge.
Lee, Henr}', Boston.
Lincoln, L. J. B., Hingham.
Linzee, J. T., Boston.
Linzee, Miss Susan I., Boston.
Lippitt, Hon. Henry, Providence.
Littell, Miss S. G., Brookline.
Littlefield, Hon. A. H., Pawtucket.
Littlelield, D. G., Pawtucket.
Lodge, Mrs. Anna C, Boston.
Lodge, Henr}" C, Boston.
Longfellow, Miss Alice M., Cam- bridge.
Loring, Mrs. Susie J., Boston.
Loring, ]\Irs. AV. Caleb, Boston.
Lothroi^, John, Auburndale.
Lovett, George L., Boston.
Lowell, Abbott Lawrence, Boston.
Lowell, Miss Amy, Boston.
Lowell, Augustus, Boston.
Lowell, Miss A. C, Boston.
Lowell, Francis C, Boston.
Lowell, Mrs. G G., Boston.
Lowell, Mrs. John, Boston.
Lowell, Miss Lucy, Boston,
Luce, ]\Iatthew, Boston.
Lyman, Arthur T., Boston.
Lyman, George H., M.D., Boston.
Lyman, J. P., Boston.
Lyman, Theodore, Brookline.
McAuslan, John, Providence.
Mack, Thomas, Boston.
Mackay, Mrs. Frances M., Cam- bridge.
Macullar, Addison, Boston.
Mai'cy, Fi-ed. I., Providence.
Marston, S. W., Boston.
Marvin, Mrs. E. C, Boston.
Mason, Miss E. F., Boston.
Mason, Miss Ida INT., Boston.
Mason, I. B., Providence.
Matthews, Miss Alice, Boston.
Matthews, Miss Annie B., Boston.
May, F. W. G., Dorchester.
McCloy, J. A., Providence.
Means, Rev. J. H., D.D., Dorchester. Merriam, INIrs. Caroline, Boston. Merriam, Charles, Boston. ]\Ierriam, Mrs. Charles, B.iston. Merriam, Mrs. D., Boston. Metealf, Jesse, Providence. Meyer, Mrs. George von L., Boston. Minot, Francis, M.D., Boston. Minot, George R , Boston. Minot, J. Grafton, Boston. Minot, The Misses, Boston. Minot, William, Boston. Mixter, Miss Madeleine C, Boston. INIontgomery, AVilliam, Boston. INIorrill, Charles J., Boston. IMorse, ]\Iiss jNIargaret F., Jamaica
Plain. Morse, S. T., Boston. Morss, A. S., Charlestown. Morton, Edwin, Boston. Motley, Edward, Boston. Moulton, ^liss ]\Iaria C, Boston. Neal, George B., Boston. Kevins, David, Boston. Newell, Mrs. M. Abbie, Boston. Nichols, J. Howard, Boston. Nichols, R. C, Boston. Nickerson, Andrew, Boston. Nickerson, George, Jamaica Plain. Nickerson, Miss Priscilla, Boston. Nickerson, S. D., Boston. Norcross, Grenville H., Boston. Norci'oss, Miss Laura, Boston. Norcross, Mrs. Otis, Jr., Boston. Noyes, Hon. Charles J., Boston; Ober, Louis P., Boston. O'Reilly, John Boyle, Boston. Osgood, John Felt, Boston. Osborn, John T., Boston. Owen, George, Providence. Paine, Mrs. Julia B., Boston. Paine, Robert Ti-eat, Boston. Palfrey, J. C, Boston. Palmer, John S., Providence. Parker, Mrs. E. P., Boston. Parker, E. Francis, Boston,
13
raikcr, Henry G., Boston.
rarker, Richavd T., Boston.
rurkinson, John, Boston.
Parkinson, ^Irs. John, Boston.
Parknian, Francis, Boston.
Tarkiiian, Gt'org;e F., Boston.
Parkman, John, Boston.
Parsons, Thomas, Chelsea.
Payson, S. R., Boston,
Peabody, Rev. A. P., I ).!)., Cam- bridge.
Peabody, F. H., Boston.
Peabody, O. W., ^NFilton.
Peabod)-, ^Nlrs. Robert S., Brook- line. •
Peabody, S. E., Boston.
Pearson, Miss Abby W., Boston.
Perkins, A. T., Boston.
Perkins, ]Mrs. C. E., Boston.
Perkins, Edwai'd N., Jamaica Plain.
Perkins, j\Irs. Richard, Boston.
Peters, Edward D., Boston.
Phillips, INIrs. John C, Jr , Boston.
Pieknian, Mrs. I). L., Boston.
Pickman, AV. D., Boston.
Pickman, Mrs. W. D., Boston.
Pierce, Hon. H. L., Boston.
Pierson, ]\[rs. Marj' E , Windsor, Conn.
Potter, Isaac ]M., Providence.
Potter, Mrs. .Sarah, Providence.
Pratt, Elliot W., Boston.
Pratt, Mi"s. Sarah I\l., Boston.
Prendergast, J. M., Boston.
Preston, .Tonathan, Boston.
Quiney, Cieorge Henr}', Boston. 0 Rantonl,Miss Hannah L., Beverly.
Reardon, Dennis A., Boston.
Reynolds, ^liss Amy H., Boston.
Reynolds, W. H., Boston.
Riee, Hon. A. H., Boston.
Rice, Fitz James, Providence.
Richards, Mrs. Cornelia W., Boston. Richards, Miss Elise, Boston. Itirhardson, .Tohn, Boston. Ri.hardsoii, Mrs. M. R., Bo.ston.
Richardson, William !>., M. D.,
Boston. Robbins, R. E., Boston. Roljeson, W. R., Boston. Robinson, Henry, Reatling. Rodman, S. W., Boston. Rodocanachi, J. ^l., Boston. Rogers, Miss Clara B., Boston. Rogers, Miss Flora E., New York. Rogers, Henry 'M , Bo.ston. Rogers, Jacol) C, lioston. Rogers, Mrs. William B., Boston. Ropes, J. C, Boston. Ropes, J. S , Jamaica Plain. Rotch, Miss Anne L., Boston. Rotch, Mrs. Benjamin S., Boston. Rotch, ]\Iiss Edith, Boston. Russell, Henry (J., Providence. Russell, :Mrs. Henry G., Provi- dence.
Russell, Henry S., Boston. Russell, ]Miss Marian, Boston.
Saltonstall, Henry, Boston.
Saltonstall,H()n. Leverett, Newton.
Saltonstall, Mrs. Leverett, Newton.
Sampson, George, Boston.
Sanborn, Frank B., Concord.
Sayles, F. C, Pawtucket, R. I.
Sayles, W. F., Pawtucket, R. I.
Schlesinger, Barthold, Boston.
Schlesinger, Sebastian B., Boston.
Sears, David, Boston.
Sears, Mrs. Fred., Jr., Boston.
Sears, F. R., Boston.
Sears, Mrs. K. W., Boston.
Sears, Mrs. P. H., Boston.
Sears, ISIrs. S. P., Boston.
Sears, W. T., Boston.
Sharpe, L., Providence.
Shaw, Mrs. G. Howland, Boston.
Shaw, Henry S., Boston.
Shaw, Quiney A., Boston.
Shepard. Mrs. E. A., Providence.
Shei)ard, Mrs. T. P., I'rovidence.
Sherwood, Mrs. rlolin H.,New York City.
14
Sherwood, W. II., Boston. Sliimmin, C. F., Boston. Shippen, Rev. R. R., Washington. Sigourney, Mrs. Henry, Boston. Silsbee, Mrs. M. C. D., Boston. Simpkins, Mrs. John, Jamaica
Plain. Slater, H. N., Jr., Providence. Snelling, Samuel G., Boston. Spaulding, J. P., Boston. Spencer, Henry F., Boston. Sprague, F. P., Boston. Sprague, S. S., Providence. Stanwood, Edward, Brooivline. Stearns, Charles H., Brooldine. Steere, Henry J., Providence. Stewart, Mrs. C. B., Boston. Stone, Joseph L., Boston. Sturgis, Francis S., Boston. Sullivan, Ricihard, Boston. Swan, Mrs. Sarah II., Camljridge. Swan, Robert, Boston. Swan, Mrs. Robert, Boston. Sweetser, Mrs. Anne M., Boston. Taggard, B. W., Boston. Taggard, Mrs. B. W.,'Bo.ston. Talipot, ]\Irs. Isabella W., North
Billerica. Tappan, Miss Mary A., Boston. Tarbell, George G., M.D., Boston. Temiile, Thomas F., Boston. Thaxter, Joseph B , Plingham. Thayer, Miss Adele G., Boston. Thaj^er, Miss A. G., Andover. Thayer, Rev. George A., Cincinnati. Thayer, Mrs. Harriet L., Boston. Thayer, Mrs. Nathaniel, Boston. Thomas, H. H., Providence. Thomas, Capt. J. B., Boston. Thorndike, Mrs. Delia D., Boston. Thorndike, S. Lothrop, Cambridge. Thurston, Benj. F., Providence. Ticknor, Miss A. E., Boston. Tilden, Mrs. M. Louise, Milton. Tilton, Mrs. W. S., Newtonville. Tingley, S. II., Providence.
Tolman, Joseph C, Hanover. Torrey, ]Miss A. D., Boston. Townsend, Miss Soijhia T., Boston. Troup, John E., Providence. Turner, Miss Abby W., Boston. Turner, Miss Alice M., Boston. Turner, Miss Ellen J., Boston. Turner, Mrs. M. A., Providence. Turner, Royal W., Randolph. Underwood, F. H., Boston. Upton, George B., Boston. Villard, Mrs. Henry, New York. Wainwright, Miss R. P., Boston. Wales, George W., Boston. Wales, Miss Mary Aunt', Boston. Ward, Rev. Julius H , Boston. Warden, Erskine, ^Valtham. Ware, Mrs. Charles E., Boston. Ware, Miss M. L., Boston. Warren, J. G., Providence. Warren, Mrs. J. Sullivan, Boston. Warren, Mrs. Wm. W., Boston. Washburn, Hon. J. D., Worcester. Waters, Mrs. Elizabeth F., Boston. Waterston, Mrs. R. C, Boston. Watson, Miss E. S., Weymouth. Watson, T. A., A\'cyraouth. Webster, JNIrs. John G., Boston. Weeks, A. G., Boston. Welch, E. R., Boston. Weld, Otis E., Boston. Weld, R. II., Boston. Weld, Mrs. W. F., Philadelphia. Weld, W. G., Boston. Wells, Mrs. Elizabeth S., Boston. Wesson, J. L., Boston. Wheeler, Nathaniel, Bridgewater, ^
(.yonn. Wlieelock, ^liss Lucy, Boston. Wheelwright, A. C, Boston. Wheelwright, John W., Boston. White, C. J., Cambridge. White, Charles T., Boston. White, j\Irs. Chai'les T., Boston. White, G. A., Boston. White, Joseph A., Franiingham.
15
Whitehead, INIiss IVfary, Charles- town.
Whitfoi'd, Geoi'ge W., Providence.
Whiting, Ebenezer, Boston.
AVliitman, JNIrs. Sarah W., Boston.
Whitney, Edward, Belmont.
Whitney, E., Boston.
AVhitney, II. M., Boston.
Wliitney, Mrs., Boston.
Whitney, Miss Sarali A., Boston.
Whitney, Miss Sarah W., Boston.
Whitwell, S. Horatio, Boston.
Whitwell, Miss S. L., Boston,
Wigglesworth, Miss Ann, Boston.
AVigglesworth, Edward, M.D., Bos- ton.
Wigglesworth, Thomas, Boston.
Wightman, W. B., Providence. Williams, George W. A., Boston. AVilson, Mrs. Maria Gill, Newton-
ville. AVlnslow, Mrs. George, lloxbury. Winsor, J. B., Providence. Winthrop, lion. Robert C, Boston. Winthrop, Mrs. Robert C, Boston. Winthrop, Mrs. Thomas L., Boston. Woleott, J. H., Boston. Wolcott, Mrs. J. II., Boston. Woleott, Roger, Boston. Woods, Henry, Boston. Worthington, Roland, Roxbury. Yovmg, Alexander, Boston. Yomig, Mrs. B. L., Boston. Yomig, Charles L., Boston.
16
PEOCEEDINGS
ANNUAL MEETING OF THE CORPOEATION.
A meeting of the corporation of the Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind was held, according- to legal notice, at the main building. South Boston, Oct. 9, 1889, at 3 o'clock P.M.
In the absence of the president and vice-presi- dent. Dr. A. P. Peabody was elected president pro tern. ; and in the absence of the secretary, John A. Bennett was elected secretary jpro tern.
The record of the last meeting was read and approved.
Mr. John S. D^vight read the annual report of the trustees, which was accepted, and ordered to be printed with the usual accompanying doc- uments.
The treasurer, Mr. Edward Jackson, read his report, which was accepted, and ordered to be printed.
The corporation then proceeded to ballot for officers for the ensuing year, Mr. S. L. Thorn-
17
dike acting as teller, and tlic following officers were elected : —
President — Mi*. Samuel Eliot.
Vice-President — Mr. John Cummings.
Treasurer — Mr. Edward Jackson.
Secretary — Mr. M. Anagnos. Trustees — Messrs. AVilliam Endicott, Jr., Joseph B. Glover, J. T. Heard, A. P. Peabody, Edward N. Perkins, Leverett Saltonstall, S. L. Thorndike and George W. Wales.
Messrs. F. M. Kilmer, Sanford Ilansconi and A. S. Morss were elected members of the cor- poration.
It was voted that the trustees be authorized to petition the General Court for permission to hold additional real and personal estate for the corporate purposes of the institution, including the Idndergarten. The meeting was then dissolved.
JOHX A. BENNETT,
Secretary pro tern.
18
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES.
Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind,
South Boston, Oct 5, 1889.
TO THE MEMBERS OF THE CORPORATION.
Oentlemen and Ladies: — We respectfully pre- sent to yoii, and, througli yon, to the Legislature of this Commonwealth, the fifty-eighth annual report of the institution under our charge, for the year ending Sept. 30, 1889. We cannot this time refer you for fuller details to the usual copious report of the director in person, who unfortunately is abroad in search of health, much shattered by his long, laborious, self-sacrificing, loving service, under a great weight of responsi- bility, in the unremitting duties of his office. Our more general survey of the present condi- tion and prospects of the institution must serve in his absence. For one more year has the good work of Dr. Howe been carried on by essentially the same methods and on the same general prin- ciples as heretofore. The record of the year shows, even more than ever, the zeal, fidelity, enlightened and harmonious co-operation of teachers, superin- tendents and officials in every department, with
19
a i-('iuarkal)l(> (legree of checi-Ciil i-('cc|)tivity, and of physical, mental and moral ju'ogress on the pai-t of the i)upils; and the whole ontlook for the future is full of ])roinise, only darkened (tempo- rarily, we trust) by the enforced absence of the over-worked, invaluable director, Mr. Anagnos. The number of i)upils still steadily increases, even beyond our present means of liousing them.- The total number of blind persons in all the departments of the institution at the close of the year (Sept. 80) was 226, against 214 last year, and 200 a year before that. Of these, 173 belonged to the school proper at South Boston (157 pupils, 13 teachers and officers, 3 domestics) , 33 to the Kindergarten for the Blind at Jamaica Plain, and 20 to the workshop for adults. These are the numbers after allowing for 31 Avho were discharged during the year. The number of applicants for admission at the re-opening of the school in September was un- usually large, especially for the kindergarten, whose single building, already in its second year, overflows, notwithstanding that some of the more advanced pupils, having reached the required age of nine years, have been trans- ferred to the parent institution.
The health of the two households presents a better i-eport lliaii it could do a year ago. During the tii-st ([uarter, ending Dec. 31, 1888. notwithstanding the general ])revalence of fatal
20
diseases all about us, not a single case of serious illness occuiTed. Tn the second quarter (to March 31, 1889) there were two cases of diph- theria among the boys, one of which ended fatally. " On the 10th of January " (we quote from the director's quarterly report) "• a lad from Lynn, named Henry Ray Roby, was taken ill with this disease, which assumed a malignant form in six or seven hours after its aj^pearance. He Avas promjDtly removed to the City HosjDital, where he died on the 13th of the same month. The sanitary arrangements of the main building were thoroughly examined, and all the drain pij^es were repeatedly tested; but not the slight- est flaw was discovered in any of them." In one of the cottages for girls there were in the month of February four cases of diphtheria or diphtheritic sore throat, all of a light form; and in another cottage a single case of measles. *' At the close of the school term, June, 1888," says the director, " one of the brightest and most promising pupils, Winona A. Buck, of Hope, R. I., went home in perfect health. Dur- ing the summer vacation the insidious disease, consumption, — the germs of which she inherited from her father, — had laid firm hold upon her, and all that skilled medical treatmeftt and careful nursing could do was of no avail. She died February 10. "Winona was a girl of sterling character, of marked intelligence, and of a sweet
21
and loving disposition; and she left behind liei- many precious memories in the hearts of her teachers and her schoolmates." The children at the kindergarten enjoyed excellent health throughout this and the following quarter, — in fact, during the entire school year.
During the last term there were several cases of measles among the .girls, which, although not serious in their results, seriously interfered with the school work; also two severe cases of pneumonia among the boys. They were taken to the Massachusetts General Hospital, and, when they were able to be moved so far, were sent to their homes. They have since fully recovered.
In this ]3art of our report we can simply record the death, on the 24th of May, of one who had been connected with the institution, where she was universally esteemed and loved, for more than half a century, — Laura Bridg- MAN. The facts which have made her life con- spicuous are known to all friends of humanity. Late in April she had an attack of erysipelas, which gradually extended till it reached the heart and lungs. Her funeral service, a very touching one, was attended by all the members of the school, the teachers and other friends, in the hall of the institution. A history of her education, from the i)ai)ers of her heroic friend and deliverer from darkness, Dr. Howe, with an
22
introduction from the pen of Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, and a tribute to her memory, will be found appended.
The more and more highly esteemed and cherished, indeed, we may say invaluable, director of the institution and secretary of this Board, Michael Anagnos, after twenty-one years of steady work, with scarcely any relaxation, Ijut with excellent reslilts, finding tlie burthen too heavy even for his robust constitution, has been finally compelled to seek health in rest and recreation, free from cares, abroad. Leave of absence for a whole year, if need be, has been granted him. On the 17tli of June he sailed from ^ew York for Europe. After some weeks spent in Paris, partly in frequent visits to the great Exposition, in which he was extremely interested, and partly in consulting eminent physicians without satis- factory result, he passed on to Yienna to consult the medical authorities there. He will probably soon find himself at home once more in his native Athens. It is hoped that by the spring at least we may be able to welcome him back, with health restored, to the scene of his great work, where teachers and pupils and every one connected with the institution reciprocate the aifection which he bears to them. Meanwhile, at his suggestion, the trustees have appointed Mr. John A. Bennett to be acting director during his absence, residing at the institution.
23
Mr. Bennett entered upon liis Avork willi Mr. Anagnos on the first of May, aiul thus had over six weeks in which to study his methods and to profit by his advice. He has been received, as he assures us, with the utmost kindness and assistance on the part of all who are engaged there in the work; and thus for all has gone on well, the new year opening with the best signs of promise. The school and the whole work of the institution are to be conducted on the same general principles as in past years, experience having proved them sound. And there is great encouragement in the fact that the whole staff of long-tried, admirable assistants, including the now venerable matron, Miss M. C. Moulton; the efficient head of the tuning department, Mr. J. AY. Smith; the judicious, competent, devoted musical director, Mr. Thomas Reeves; the faith- ful master of the printing and publishing depart- ment, Mr. Dennis A. Reardon; and all the teachers and officers some of whom have been connected with the school during the greater part of tlicir lives, and have served the cause of the education of the blind with exemplary fidelity, devotion and success, retain their respective places. And it Avill not be an easy matter, when their strength fjiils them one l)y one, to fill their j)hices with their equals.
24
2. The School. We can with confidence repeat Avhat was said in the report last year : —
The whole evidence of the director and the teachers, and all the personal inspection which the members of this board have been able to make, warrant us in saying, that the education in all its branches and phases — physical, intellectual, aesthet- ical, moral, practical — has been more than kept up to the high standard of the past few years. . . . To any one who visits the class-rooms, it is always interesting and inspiring to remark the zeal, the enthusiasm, the kindness and patience, with which these teachers make their work attractive to them- selves as well as to their pupils.
The system of physical trainin<^, in the well- equipped gymnasium for boys and for girls, has been carried on with undiminished vigor; and its, effects are visible in the healthfulness, the carriage and the whole appearance of the pupils.
The work of the school proper is conducted by the same corps of faithful and efficient teach- ers of both sexes, several of whom are blind themselves, that was engaged in it last year. Only one teacher has resigned. N^one have been dismissed.
The music department, here a most important one, inasmuch as deprivation of the sense of sight seems to seek and find so great a com- pensation with the blind in a peculiar keenness of the • auditory nerve, and in a fine sensibility
25
to melody and harmony, — improves year by year under the director, Mr. Keeves, well sec- onded by able teachers and by seeing music read- ers. In chorus and solo singing; in piano-forte and organ playing; in the practice of the violin, the clarinet, flute, and various brass instruments, as shown in the correct, tuneful, tasteful perform- ances of the well-filled band; in the theory of music, the writing and analysis of harmony, with some initiation into the mysteries of counter- point through the study and practice, both vocally and instrumentally, of a number of Bach's chorals, — the standard of attainment is continually rising. One afternoon the writer had the pleasure of listening, by invitation of Mr. Reeves, to the recital by about twenty boys and girls, some of them very young, -each in turn, of some one of twenty of the smaller piano pieces of Sebastian Bach, including preludes and fugues from the " Well-tempered Clavichord, " inventions, arias, minuets, etc., and all of course from memory. In several pieces the violin bore a part. Could there be a more wholesome set-off on the musi- cal journey of their lives? The pupils have been often favored alsa by concerts and recitals freely given, in their music hall, by many of the lead- ing artists of Boston, — singers, pianists, violin- ists, etc., with choice programmes; and they have enjoyed the advantage of free admission to not a few of the best concerts in the city. Mention
26
should be made of the kindness of the pro- prietor and manager of the Boston Theatre in giving them passes to operas, especially during the German opera season. Thus, besides Avhat they receive in the way of direct instruction and discipline, much is done to surround them with a good musical atmosphere.
The tuning of pianos is not only a study, but a means of livelihood with some of them. Mr. Smith has taught them not only to tune, but to put on strings, to regulate and to repair instruments. All the pianos in the public schools of Boston are still kept in tune by pupils or graduates of the Perkins Institution, and their work is welcomed in not a few private families.
3. Comme:n^cement Exercises. These, with their crowded, deeply interested audiences; their fine show of pupils, cheerful, neatly dressed and beaming with intelligence; their richly varied, significant and well-selected programmes ; the never-failing interest commanded by the prompt, sure, confident yet modest perform- ance of every pupil who takes part in them; the excellent music; the readings fi'om raised type; the practical illustrations, wholly through the fingers and the voice, of points in physical science and of machinery; the unity and grace of move- ment displayed in their fascinating gymnastic and military evolutions; the charming contributions
27
of the little sightless children of the kinder- garten, with their modelings in clay and other pretty finger exercises; to say nothing of the impressive addresses and appeals by the presi- dent of the cor]:)oration and other distinguished gentlemen much interested in the blind, — are becoming an old story in these annual reports. Yet the occasion never loses its interest. This last time (Tremont Temple, Tuesday afternoon, June 4) it was as fresh as ever, and the impres- sion made was never greater. In one respect — the unusual number of graduates (11 in all, 6 girls and 5 boys), more than ever before — this Commencement was of exceptional interest, and made a satisfactory offset to that of last year, when there was not a single scholar quite pre- pared for the diploma, never in this institution conferred prematurely. The remarks of Presi- dent Eliot to the graduates, in presenting these diplomas, as well as his brief opening address, were tender, eloquent, impressive. And the remarks on the kindergarten by the Rev. James De l^ormandie were wholly to the purpose, and tended to awaken a new public interest in the cause. For the rest, suffice it to say, of the entire programme, that the execution was in each and every number worthy of the subject, and with especial emphasis upon the " Valedictory " by Miss French, whose talent and progress in piano playing have won her the favored position,
28
under our post-graduate system, of a pupil with Prof. Carl Baermann, a place recently occupied by Miss Roeske of last year's class, whose whole time is now occupied in teaching music, and with rare tact and success, in the kindergarten. And we may remark here, by the way, that funds, voluntary subscriptions, are needed for the foun- dation of more such scholarships.
4. The Work Department.
Much is done in both the branches of our work department; but the circle of the indus- trial occupations accessible to the blind is becoming smaller from year to year; outside competition is too powerful, and new incen- tives to manual training should be sought. On this subject Mr. Anagnos makes the fol- lowing remarks, which we copy from his manuscript : —
Our system of manual training is far from complete. It needs expansion or reformation on the Swedish plan, which was put into practice in this city some time ago, at the expense of that broad-minded and public-spiilted philanthropist, INIrs. Quincy A. Shaw, who inherited from her illustrious father (Louis Agassiz) the noble instinct of laboring for the benefit of mankind, and to whose munifi- cence and boundless generosity the community at large is under great and lasting obligations for the support of many nurseries and kindergartens at an enormous annual cost, and for numerous other deeds of benevolence.
29
Mrs. Sbaw opened, a year ago last July, a summer school for manual training, in which she employed two experienced teachers from Sweden, — Mr. Carl Fallin and Mr. Gustaf Larsson. The system of instruction therein pursued was that of Slojd, which includes carpentry, turning and wood-carving. A number of young men and women attended the school regularly. The most impor- tant of the tools in use was the knife. At the end of the session, which lasted six weeks, the work of the learners was exhibited in one of the upper rooms of the Cottage Place kindergarten, and it showed very conclu- sively both their skill and the efficiency of their training.
Slojd's scheme of formal education, as practised in the normal school of Naas, Sweden, is purely scientific in its principles, and decidedly progressive in its character. It admits of the use of numerous manipulations and of various tools ; and its chief aims are to instil a taste for work in general ; to inspire respect for plain, honest, bodily labor ; to cultivate habits of order, exactness, cleanliness, attention and neatness ; to foster industry and perseverance ; to promote the development of the physical powers, and to train the sense of form.
After a careful study of the matter in all its bearings, I do not hesitate to state that there is no system of manual training so eminently adapted to body forth Froebel's ideas, and to carry on the work of the kinder- garten from the lowest to the highest grades of schools, as that of Slojd. I deeply regret, that, owing to the lack of suitable room, we cannot 3'et introduce it in this institution, and give to the pupils of both sexes an opportunity to thus exercise their mental and physical powers, and to acquire a certain degree of " handiness," in which they are so lamentably deficient.
30
5. The Kindergarten for the Blind.
This department has more than fulfilled the most sanguine expectations of those to whose clear-sighted and unresting philanthropy we are indebted for the establishment of what seems now an essential part of an institution like ours. The progress of the pupils in knowl- edge, in the power of acquisition and in the exercise of the mental faculties, surpasses easy belief, and can be accounted for only by the concentrated attention which their peculiar con- dition renders possible at an age when seeing children have their eyes constantly open to fresh objects in the outward world. It is worthy of special intei*est that the capacity of training in music, which for many of the blind is a life-work, and to many more a chief joy, can be most surely and efficiently developed at a very early age; the ear and the touch depending greatly for quickness, pre- cision and delicacy, on impressions made and directions given before what may be called the habits of perception and sensation are formed.
These little children, almost without excep- tion, have that fondness for music which is so characteristic of the blind. They love to sing the simple kindergarten songs and hymns which are taught them in the school-room;
31
and they commit both words and tunes to memory. Under the excellent instruction of Miss Cornelia C. Koeske, herself blind, a recent graduate of the Perkins Institution, pos- sessed of superior musical gifts, with a fine taste and a I'are faculty for teaching, they are acquiring the early rudiments of musical cult- ure, growing up familiar with melody and harmony, and trained to a tasteful and ex- pressive daily exercise of their vocal powers. They have daily lessons in musical notation; and the readiness with which they recognize and name tones of the scale when touched on the piano, and correctly analyze full chords so struck, is quite remarkable. Many a good musician lacks that faculty. They sing not only melodies in unison, but sometimes in two parts, alone or in chorus ; and quite a number are taking lessons on the piano-forte, and play exercises and simple pieces in a manner certainly encouraging. All this pre- pares them well for more advanced studies in music at the higher school hereafter. AVhat has particularly interested us in these little singers has been a certain refinement in their song, showing what care is taken to weed out all tares, to prevent all shouting, harsh, coarse, vulgar ways, and how true accent and enun- ciation are steadily inculcated.
The problem of education for those both
32
blind and deaf, which to Dugald Stewart and other philosophers of his type seemed utterly hopeless, was first solved by Dr. Howe in the case of Laura Bridgman. It has been presented anew in Helen Keller and Edith Thomas. Helen is virtually one of our pupils, as her teacher is one of our graduates, and has done her work under the inspiration and with the warm sympathy of Mr. Anagnos; and arrange- ments are now made by which this wonderful child will become a resident pupil. She has kept up her communication with her Boston friends since her last year's visit, in letters far superior in thought and in expression to such letters as the most intelligent seeing children of her years are wont to write. The following was addressed to Mr. Dwight, of our Board. It was written in printing letters, as well shaped and as clearly legible as we now give them in type : —
TuscrMBiA, Ala., May 26, 1889.
My dear Mr. Dwight, — Your little friend Helen was delighted to receive your letter. Yesterday I went to an- other picnic with my little friends. We sat in the shade which the great trees made for us and ate our dinner. The little birds sang sweetly all day. I think they were glad to see the little boys and girls so happy. There was a gentle breeze and it was very fragrant, for the woods was *
* Tliis error was the only one that occurred in the original letter, which is printed without the slightest alteration.
33
full of the delicate wild flowers. We gathered some of them to take home to our friends.
I am sorry Mr. Anagnos is going so far away. But he says he will write to me from Rome, Paris, Athens, and many other beautiful cities, and when I am old enough I shall travel myself. My little friend Eva has come to stay with me while my dear teacher goes home to rest. I shall miss her greatly, but I must not cry, for that would make teacher unhappy. I should like very much to go to Boston with her, but I cannot. So I will write to her every day.
I wish you were here to eat some of the delicious straw- berries and raspberries. Mildred and I would pick the nicest berries for you. The maguolias are in bloom now, and the air is sweet with their perfume.
Teacher and Mother send you their love. Sister sends
a sweet kiss, and I send many.
Helen A. Keller.
Edith Thomas manifests an equally teachable nature, has already as copious a vocabulary at her command as is available for a large propor- tion of seeing men and women, and writes letters that indicate a bright and active mind, promptly susceptible of instruction and influence.
Perhaps the most remarkable trait in these two children is their thirst for knowledge, — an unresting curiosity which makes every acquisition a fresh and vivid joy. This trait may suggest the existence of a similar curiosity, no less in- tense, in seeing children of active minds. They learn and knoAv, not because they are possessed of the organs of sense, but because a mind that craves knowledge makes its perpetual and dili-
3i
gent quest through these organs, which else would teach them nothing. In the blind and deaf children the curiosity which normally seeks and finds its ample gratification through eye and ear, much more than through taste, touch and smell, 2^i*esses continually its claim for knowl- edge of the surrounding world through the one gate of knowledge which remains unclosed.
It is impossible to over-estimate the impor- tance of this infant school. Our average pupil in past years has learned at home a great deal that needed to be unlearned, and at best has had no carefully planned and continuous mental culture. The blind child of a family is either petted or neglected, and in either case lacks proper discij^line of mind and character. In a poor family such a child may be treated with kindness; but, with one more mouth to feed and body to clothe than there are pairs of hands that can labor for the support of all, there is but little time that can be afi'orded for the relief of his loneliness, and but scanty resources for his instruction. There are, withal, not a few households in which demoralizing influence might be exerted through the ear, and all the more readily where the eye cannot discern the deformity of what is morally evil. ^N^or should it be forgotten that congenital defects of organ- ism ai*e most likely to be found, and disabling accidents are of most frequent occurrence, in the
35
very portions of society least fitted for the care and nurture of sightless children. In point of fact, the great majority of our pupils, from the beginning to the present day, have had little done, and almost nothing well done, for them before they came under our charge. Our aim is to give to the pupils of the kindergarten the tender care, the faithful oversight, the judicious discipline, and the moral and religious training of a Christian home.
The eminent success and already established reputation of our kindergarten make its urgent needs much greater than could have been sup- posed at the outset. Our building is over-full; applications already on hand must be refused or postponed, and postponement in many cases is not much better than refusal; and we ought to have room for all the little children who are ultimately to become members of our older classes. The originally proposed endowment fund of a hundred thousand dollars, as will be seen, is completed. We are largely indebted in this behalf to Francis Bartlett, Esq., who has given us ten thousand dollars of the bequest for public charities which the will of his fiither, the late Sidney Bartlett, placed at his disposal. In the singularly Avise disposition which he has made of this fund, we believe that no other por- tion of it Avill be so gratefully received, will be so profitably invested, or will yield so rich a
36
revenue of substantial and enduring benefit, as this. The kindergarten fund has also been still further augmented by a legacy of five thousand dollars from Miss Mary "Williams of Roxbury. Our endowment fund ought to remain entire, and to that end a certain percentage of it should be annually added to the principal, to provide against necessary loss by diminished interest, or by premiums in the change of invest- ments. Outside of this fund, we need, at the earliest time possible, a new building, — with an increase, of course, of current expenses, as, while the general management of the institution would extend to the enlarged number of pupils, the cost of subsistence for the additional pupils, and the salaries of additional teachers, must be provided for.
The visiting committee of ladies, always on the alert for ways and means to supply the wants of the kindergarten, have organized an auxiliary aid society, to contribute to the necessaiy exjjenses of the institution. Of this society Mrs. John L. Gardner is treasurer, and Miss Eliza Winthrop secretary. They aiid their associates have spared no efforts in soliciting funds. They have ad- dressed a large number of autograph notes to persons whom they supposed to be ready helj^ers in any good work, asking them to become mem- bers of this organization, and regular contrib- utors to the amount of one dollar and upward;
37
and they have met with signal success. One thousand five hundred and seventy-six dollars have already been subscribed. The branches of this association are spreading over l^ew England, and we welcome it, not only for the subsidies which it may furnish, but for the extended and permanent interest which may thus be awakened in this pre-eminently Christian work. In the name of Ilim whose hands, once laid in blessing on those little children in Galilee, rest unseen on every head of these little ones for whom we plead, we commend this charity to a beneficent public, and will not cease to urge its claims, till every sightless child in New England can be lovingly cared for, shielded from evil, and trained for the best that he can acquire, become and be in this world and in the world beyond.
6. FiNAIfCES.
The report of the treasurer, presented here- with, gives full details of the receipts and expenditures of the year, which may be sum- marized as follows : —
Cash on hand Oct. 1, 1888, .... $37,306 52 Total receipts from all sources during the year, 202,773 38
$240,079 90 Total expenditures and investments, . . . 177,833 11
Balance, $62,246 79
38
It appears from this summary that the finances of the institution are in a very satisfactory con- dition. Strict economy has been practised where the efficiency of the school and the health of the household rendered it possible.
A part of the permanent funds of the institu- tion has again been invested, by the committee on finance, in real estate. A brick building, Nos. 250 and 252 Purchase Street, four stories high, and extending to Atlantic Avenue, has been j^urchased; also three houses, — two on Fourth Street, on the west side of the institu- tion, and one on H Street, adjacent to land already owned by the corporation; also a granite build- ing, four stories high, at the corner of Congress and Matthews streets.
7. Repairs axd Impiio\temexts.
This is the fiftieth year since the main build- ing was occupied by the school. Large sums of money have been expended for alterations, repairs and im23rovements, but some of its parts are still in a dilapidated condition, and require constant attention. During the past year the cost for ordinary repairs for the 23reservation of the building, and for the necessary alterations in the system of plumbing and ventilation, amounted to $7,450.96.
39
8. Printing for the Blind.
There has been no relaxation in the operations of the Howe Memorial Press, and the following books have been issued during the year : " Little Lord Fauntleroy," one volume of Latin selections, and the second and third volumes of Irving's " Life of Washington." Li addition to these, four pieces of Braille music have been printed, and two volumes of Urbach's " Prize Piano School." At no time in our history has the work of our printing house been so wide, and so solid and satisfactory in its results, as within the last few years.
Our gifts and loans of embossed literature have been considerably extended. Books have been placed in the New York Circulating Library, and in the libraries of Providence, N^ewport, jN^ew Haven, Hartford and Worcester; they are loaned to all deserving blind persons who apply for them; they are given to all new and struggling institutions for the blind, and to " Homes," or centres, where the blind assemble, — in short, it is the intention to place them in every library where any considerable number of blind persons will be likely to use them. We should not be content Avith what is done in this direction until every blind person in Kew England and else- where is supplied with a sufficient amount of choice literature in raised print.
40
We thankfully acknowledge the receipt of a bequest of $5,000 from the late Moses Hunt of Charlestown. Mr. Hunt has been a warm friend of the blind, and has repeatedly contributed to the printing fund and to the kindergarten. As a token of gratitude, his legacy will always be known as the Moses Hunt Bequest. Our thanks are also due to Miss E. S. Howes for the gift of money sufficient to print one hundred copies of the " Story of Patsy."
9. Workshop for Adults. The workshop, which last year was barely self- supporting, shows in its account for the present year no very marked improvement. This is to be greatly regretted; for there must always be a certain proportion of capable and industrious blind men and women, who can earn an ample subsistence, but at the same time cannot find suitable employment outside of our premises. The work done by these persons is of the best materials, of the very best quality, and for no more than remunerative prices. It can of course be undersold by poorer work, which will look as well at the outset, but will not wear as well. The great disadvantage, however, is, that our goods cannot be brought into fair competition, in an open market, with other similar goods. It is, therefore, desirable that the trustees and friends of the institution should take a personal interest, and solicit the interest of others, in this
41
department, and thus secure purchasers, who will be sure to find it for their benefit to remain our customers.
10. Dkatii ov Mkmivehs of the CoiiroijA^nox.
The nicinlxM's of the coi'poratiou wlio liave died (hiring* tlie hist year are: Wilham Aniory, wlio retained through many weary montlis of decUne and infirmity a fresh interest in every l)enevolent entcrpi'ise; J. Ingersoll Bowditch, a practical philanthropist, equally generous and wise; Mrs. Gai'dner Brewer, a name not un- familiar in the charities of Boston; Mrs. William F. Cary, the last surviving child of our founder, Thomas Handasyd Perkins, and of kindred spirit with lier father; Peleg "\V. Chandler, Avhose Worth as a Christian man was connnensurate with his ])i'ofessional eminence; Miss Annah P. Cruft, lovingly remembered b}^ all who knew her; Mrs. ]S^ancy S. Davis, of Fitchburg; Oliver Ditson, who in his lifetime and by his will showed that he luiderstood how to use for the best ends the revenue of faithful industry; Charles L. Flint, long, honorably and efficiently in the service of the State; Professor William Gammell, of Pi-ovidence, who adoi-ucd his high literary reputation by a character that won both reverence and alfcction; Miss Rebecca (ioddai'd; George ITigginson, who made his wealth a treasury for every cause of human wcll-bcMug;
42
Zenas C. Howl and; Herman B. Inches, whose warm sympathy and ready aid were bestowed on every cause of humanity; James L. Little, well known in mercantile circles for integrity and honor; Miss Abby AV. May, whose benevo- lent activity and benignant ministries won en- during remembrance; Rev. Bradford K. Peirce, whose record as a minister of the Gospel is that of loyal and loving fidelity to his work and to his Divine Master; R. M. Pidsifei-, a man of sterling excellence in all the relations ol life; Mr. and Mrs. Wilham G. Saltcmstall, of ])recious memory; Mahlon D. Spaulding; Mrs. Eliza Sut- ton, of Peabody, whose beneficence for many years secured for her a rich revenue of honor and gratitude; and Henry A. Wliitney, who, in a career of busy enterprise, never lost sight (•)(' the public welfare.
All which is respectfully submitted by
FRANCIS BROOKS, JOHN S. DWIGHT, WILLIAM ENDICOTT, .Tk.,
josp:ph b. glover, j. theodore heard, andrew p. peabody, edward n. perkins, william l. richardson, thomas f. temple, s. lothrop thorndike, george av. wales,
Ti'ustees.
THIRD ANNUAL EEPORT
THE KINDERGARTEN FOR THE lUJNI),
SEPTKM15EIi ;)0, 18-S9.
BOSTON :
WRIGHT & POTTElt POINTING COMPANY, STATE PRINTERS,
18 Post Offick Squake.
1890.
'Sommt, lassf uns brn t\tnbcrn Ifbni. FRIEDRICH FROEBEL.
OFFICERS OF THE CORPORATION.
1889-90.
SAMUEL ELIOT, LL.D., President JOHN CUMMINGS, Vice- President. EDWARD JACKSON, Treasurer. M. ANAGNOS, Secretary.
BOARD OF TRUSTEES,
FRAKTCIS BROOKS.
JOHN S. D WIGHT.
WILLIAM ENDICOTT, Jr.
JOSEPH B. GLOVER.
J. THEODORE HEARD, M.D.
ANDREW P. PEABODY, D.D.
EDWARD N". PERKINS. WM. L. RICHARDSON, M.D. LEVERETT SALTONSTALL. THOMAS F. TEMPLK. 8. LOTHROP THORNDIKE. GEORGE W. WALES.
VISITING COMMITTEE.
[At a meeting of the board of trustees, held July 2, 1887, the following vote was passed unanimously : —
Voted, That the board of trustees appoint a visiting committee on the kinder- garten, consisting of twelve ladies, who shall visit the kindergarten and consult with the matron on its domestic affairs, and extend toward the children such kind notice and advice as they may deem proper.]
Mrs. Elizabeth C. Agassiz. Miss Elizabeth L. Andrew. Mrs. William Appleton. Mrs. Maud Howe Elliott. Miss Clara T. Endicott. Misa Sarah B. Fat.
Mrs. John L. Gardner. Mrs. Thomas Mack. Miss Laura Norcross. Mrs. Robert Treat Paine. Miss Edith Rotch. Mrs. Roger Wolcott.
OFFICERS OF THE KINDERGARTEN.
DIRECTOR. M. ANAGNOS.
ACTING DIRECTOR. JOHN A. BENNETT,
ATTENDING PHYSICIAN. HENRY W. BROUGHTON, M.D.
Miss Isabel Greeley, Jfatron. I Miss Fanny L. Johnson, Kindergarlmr.
Miss Nettie \i. \osz, Assi>itant. I Mrs. Sarah J. Davidson, A'jjirffrf^artnrr.
Miss Cornelia C. Roeske, Miliic Teacher.
Miss Harriet M. Markham, Special Teacher to Edith Thomas.
ESTABLISHMENT OF THE KINDERGARTEN.
On application of the trustees of the Perkins Institu- tion and Massachusetts School for the Blind, the fol- lowing act was passed by the Legislature, March 15,
1887: —
Commoitbcaltlj of Passax^usetts.
In the year one thousand eight hundred and eighty-seven.
AN ACT
to authorize the perkins institution and massachusetts School for the Blind to hold additional estate for the PURPOSE OF A Kindergarten for the Blind,
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives in Gen- eral Court assembled, and by authority of the same, as follows : —
Section 1. The Perkins Institution and INIassachusetts School for the Blind is authorized to establish and maintain a primaiy school for the education of little children, by the name of Kindergarten FOR the Blind, and to hold for this purpose real and personal estate to an amount not exceeding two hundred and seventy-five thousand dollars in addition to the amount it is now authorized to hold.
Sect. 2. The said Kindergarten for the Blind shall be luider the direction and management of the board of trustees of said cor- poration.
Sect. 3. This act shall take effect upon its passage.
Passed to be enacted.
Passed to be enacted.
House or Representatives, March 14, 1887.
CHAS. J. NOTES, Speaker. In Senate, March 15, 1887.
HALSEY J. BOARDMAN, President.
March 15, 1887.
Approved.
OLIVER AMES. Secretary's Department, Boston, March 30, 1887.
A true copy.
Witness the Seal of the Commonwealth. HENRY B. PEIRCE,
Secretary of the Commonwealth
KINDEEGAETEN FOE THE BLIND.
THIRD ANNUAL REPORT OF THE DIRECTOR.
TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES.
Gentlemen: — The past year of the kinder- garten has been one of prosperit}^. At the close of the preceding year, as appears by the last annual report, the endowment fund amounted to |29,(J48.10. It has now reached the $100,000 originally proposed, and we have a balance over of $7,025.91, to be applied on the contract for grading and for other necessary expenses. We are happy to report also, that, for the iirst time since the establishment of the school, there is not a deficit at the end of the year on account of current expenses. The amounts re- ceived from invested funds and for tuition have been sufficient to pay the ordinary expenses.
What the kindergarten now needs, is more room. I quote from the last annual report of the director : —
The new and commodious building, which was so carefully planned and well constructed, so convenient and beautiful, — itself a refining, uplifting, educating power to those who
48
gather within it for instruction and training, — has proved to be well adapted to its purposes. It is complete in its internal arrangements, and affords excellent facilities for all the necessary exercises of the school. But, although it was dedicated to the uses of the kindergarten only one year and a half ago, it is now crowded to its utmost capacity. There is not a vacant bed in it, while a number of sightless children, who are eagerly seeking admission within its walls, and who ought to be taken away from their surroundings and placed under our care, are kept out for want of room.
This state of things renders it absolutely necessary that a second building, similar to the first one in size and archi- tectural style, should be erected without delay.
Since the above was written, three more beds have been crowded in; and there is now no possible way to isolate a child before he is ill enough to be sent to the hospital, except by encroaching upon the rooms used for daily recitations. The erection of another building means not only the additional cost of the struct- ure, but an almost corresponding increase of current expenses; so that, although the proposed fund has been raised, the kindergarten still has very pressing needs for money.
Gradln^g.
The committee whose duty it was to select
a site for establishing the kindergarten desired
to find a large tract of level land, convenient
of access, and within their means of purchase.
40
Estates* large enough for several buildings and for suitable play-grounds, within reasonable dis- tance from Boston, and adapted for such a purpose, were too expensive to be considered. The spot selected by the committee was so covered with ledges as to be of little practical value without grading. Could this land be bought and graded to a level for a less sum than would have to be paid for the same quan- tity of land, equally desirable in all other re- spects, but level ? ISTot if it were to be cleared in the ordinary way for building purposes; but, if the materials could be utilized by the contract- or, and he be allowed to take his time for working and disposing of the stone, it was found that the cost of the whole tract, levelled, would be less than two-thirds of what would have to be paid for property elsewhere, no better in the end. Accordingly, contracts were so made that the whole land is to be graded within five years from the making of the con- tracts, and at a total outlay, for land and grading, of less than $44,000. The amount of land available when graded will be six aci-es.
TiiE School Work.
The prosjierity of the kindergarten for the
past 3 ear has not been confined to its finances.
The same faitliful and efficient work has been
done l)y tlic same corps of officers and teachers
50
as in the preceding year, with the exception of the special teacher of Edith Thomas, who re- signed in June. She was succeeded by Miss Harriet M. Markham, who seems happily to combine those traits which are indispensable to Edith's full and proper development. The work of the year has not been interrupted l)y any serious illness in the household. One pupil has been discharged, it having been ascertained that his sight was sufficient to make his further connection with the school unnecessary. Eight other pupils were promoted to the school at South Boston, and their places were immediately filled by applicants some of whom had long been waiting for a vacancy.
Attention is respectfully called to the accom- panying report of the matron.
Edith M. Thomas.
The education of Edith Thomas has been con- tinued through the year, with gratifying success. Her health has been uniformly good, and although the affection of the ears, which last year appeared to cause her so much pain and vexation, has not entirely disappeared, she has now so far recovered that it is hoped she will soon be able to dispense with the aurist's care.
Her sight and hearing are entirely gone. She appears to have the sense of smell to an average degree, and uses it like people whose
Edith M. Thomas.
51
senses are perfect. She takes pleasure in the fragrance of flowers and other agreea])le odors. She does not, however, apply miscellaneous ob- jects to her nose, but relies entirely upon her sense of touch for examining, and for receiving information and instruction of all kinds.
The disease by which Edith lost her sight and hearing has already been mentioned in these reports; but we venture to allude to it again in order to give some details which will lead to a better comprehension of her condition, char- acter and acquirements. Until this sickness, which occurred Avhen she was four years old, Edith had been a healthy, vigorous child, of more than average quiclaiess and ability; and, according to her mother's account, she had attained a greater command of language than most children of her age. She was an incessant talker, and her childish speech was very intel- ligible. Then she was prostrated with scarlet- fever and diphtheria, and fn* many weeks the little sufferer was confined to her bed. The disease raged violently in throat and ears, the e^^es were coated with a membrane by which they were finally destroyed, and the organs of speech were, for a time, paralyzed. AYhen she began to recover, her sight was entirely gone, she had forgotten how to walk, and her hearing Avas already beginning to be affected. She had been her father's pet, and when she regained
52
her speech the first word she uttered was " Papa ! " Lying in his arms she bravely en- dured the necessarily painful treatments for throat and ears, clenching her little hands to bear the suffering which, at its worst, would only wring from her lips a pitiful, '"Please don't, papa ! " When she had again learned to walk, a tiny sister had come into her home, and little Edith at once assumed the duties of attendant at baby's morning bath. She quickly learned and delighted to bring every article that was needed, and was vexed if any one antici- pated her.
During the two years which followed she con- tinued to talk, and her active brain and hands found abundant occupation. She remembered the period before the terrible illness, and used occasionally to allude to it in connection with some present event, calling it "other days;" and it is thought that she then recalled to mind what she used to see before she lost those full, black eyes, which were so beautiful. She found her way about the house so easily that her loss of sight was less marked than it would otherwise have been.
But gradually her friends found that they must raise their voices more and more in order to make the auditory nerves carry their messages to the child's brain, and when she was six years old Edith had ceased to hear even the loudest
53
sounds. The world, already dark to her, had now sunk into absolute silence. Naturally her speech degenerated, and by degrees was aban- doned. No uniform signs took its place as a means of communication, but the tones of the child's voice, sometimes accompanied by panto- mime suggested by the occasion, told the mother her feelings or wants; and Edith's logical mind and her knowledge of the general order of household events, supplemented the slight indi- cations of her mother's wishes. If the child were teased or hurt by one of her playmates, the pitiful complaint expressed in the tones of her voice told the story as well as any words could do; and, gently patting her shoulder, her mother would speak to her such words of com- fort and encouragement as she would have addressed to another child, and Edith would go away content. The soothing word, though unheard, was evidently a comfort to the little girl, though we know not by what channel it reached her mind. If her mother wished to send her for anything, she would turn Edith's face in the direction she wished her to go, and the child would accordingly go up or down stairs, toward parlor or Idtchen, usually compre- hending the object for which she was sent.
In an early report on Laura Bridgman, Dr. Howe speaks of the strong tendency among deaf mutes to utter vocal sounds; he says that Laura
54
had a distinct sound for each of her friends, and uttered it when she met them, or when thinking of them; but in spealring of them she would spell the name. Hence he infers that the vocal language is the natural language, and the first which entered Laura's thoughts. 'No such method of naming people has been observed in Edith, nor (although she evidently recognized her friends) does she seem to have had any dis- tinctive signs for them in the interval (of about three years) between her practical loss of oral language and her acquirement of finger speech. Her last intelhgible word — "kitty" — was spoken long ago, and articulation now appears to have ceased. Her laugh remains perfectly natural, and is merry and pleasing in its tones; her cry resembles that of ordinary children. Occasionally she says, in finger speech, "Edith sing;" and then utters a succession of sounds, varying in tone, but never very loud, although she can scream lustily. As S23eech degenerated, she began to make use of another sound, which seems a remnant of oral language; and this she still uses, although at a sign from her teacher she imme- diately becomes silent. "When she is excited, perplexed, or very much in earnest, with closed lips she utters this low, continuous sound, which varies in expression, in pitch and in intensity; a sound by no means unpleasant, save when, by continuance, it becomes wearisome. Sometimes,
when alone, playing with her dolls, her manner indicates that she is talking to them by this sonnd, bnt she no longer nses it in addressing persons.
The manual alphabet has now become so famil- iar that she uses it almost unconsciously; she talks to herself in finger speech, and even while falHng asleep she is often spelling the passing thoughts. Her tiny fingers form the letters neatly, and she writes in the air an even hand that is pleasant to follow.
During the past year Edith has made consid- erable progress in language. The extent of her vocabulary is not exactly known, but it numbers at least seven hundred words; she now under- stands the use* of the singular and plural of nouns, the personal pronouns, and the comparison of adjectives, and she uses prepositions with greater freedom. In the formation of the plural she was first given such nouns as add s to the singular. She readily learned this lesson; but when she found afterwards that some nouns added es, as box, hoxeSy and still others changed the final consonant before adding the terminal, as Tcnife, Jcnives, she could scarcely become reconciled to such irregularities, and remon- strated long and earnestly before she finally yielded. The use of the personal pronouns was also a great trial to her. When her teacher began to address her as " you," instead of
m
*^ Edith," the little girl evidently considered it an incivility, and wonld correct her teacher by spelling, emphatically, " Edith." At last she became quite exasperated at the continued use of this pronoun in reference to herself, and when, one day, her teacher asked, at table, ""Will you have bread?" Edith, Avith all the indignation which could be expressed by look and manner, replied, " AVill you have bread?" Her teacher gently answered, " Yes ! " and Edith, apparently perceiving that the pronoun was not a contemptuous expression, never afterwards ob- jected to being thus addressed. Such compara- tives as large?', largest, she at first found difficult; but she has mastered the essential idea, and now learns them readily. Abstract nouns are still a source of difficulty, and the occurrence of the same word with different meanings is very per- 2:>lexing to this little student of our language. She has long been familiar with the word tvatch as a timepiece; but a short time ago, while reading the story, " The Boat Sailing Away," the woi'd occurred in its primitive meaning in the following sentence, " Now we will loatch them, and when they go away they will seem to grow smaller and smaller." Edith's idea of watch did not fit the context, and she asked what it meant. She was told that they Avere " looldng " to see the boat go away, and her teacher tried to explain this use of the word.
But Edith could not believe that the Avriter meant looTc when she said watch. She pointed to the toy Avatch which she was wearing, and said, almost indignantly, " Lady who made the book said ' watch ' ! " The Avord enough Avas recently given her, and an explanation of its meaning was supplemented by illustrations with a basket containing shells. After several ingen- ious trials to test her comprehension of the word, her teacher still remained in doubt. A fcAV hours later, hoAvever, her doubt was dis- pelled, Avhen Edith, being asked at dinner if she had had enough, replied "Yes!" then, quickly correcting herself, said, " Ko ! more • pudding ! " Since that day she uses the word correctly.
Heading, which has been so irksome a task to her, has now become a positive pleasure, and she is especially interested in a little book she noAV has, because the short chapters into Avhich it is diA^ded make a continuous story, and the acquaintances she made in the beginning of the book she meets again and again as she pro- ceeds. While one of the teachers reads aloud to the other little girls, Edith aa^II sit near, reading to herself from the book Avhich she finds so delightful. At other times she reads to her teacher, folloAving the lines Avith the fing-ers of one hand to catch the Avords of the writer, Avhile Avith the other hand she translates them into manual language. While thus occu-
58
pied, the fingers tliat read run on in advance of those that repeat the words; she is taking in ideas more rapidly than she is transmitting them, and' the brain is therefore doing a com- plex work in follo^ving simultaneously two sets of words and guiding the hands in the per- formance of different duties.
Pencil writing is still a tedious task to her; nevertheless, she continues to improve, and uses it in her lessons and in letters to her mother ^nd other friends. [Edith used to think a man was in the letter-box, and when she went to post a letter, she would knock on the box and say, "Man, open door!" She now understands how letters are sent by mail.]
She studies elementary arithmetic, has made some progress in addition, and has demonstrated her familiarity with the tables of twos, threes, and fours, by writing them out neatly, with pencil.
She has taken the kindergarten occupations, and can now analyze the gifts. She works from dictation, her teacher repeating in finger speech the oral directions given to the class. She takes great delight in modeling with clay, especially when, after the completion of the articles required by the lesson, she is allowed to choose an object, and exercise her ingenuity to 2^i'o*^^^^ce from memory a likeness of something she knows through the sense of touch. And in this exercise she is very success-
59
fill. Her voluntary work often lacks finisli, but in form, in the relative proportion of the various parts, and in attention to detail, it excels that of her school-mates. In the exhibit sent by the institution to the Paris Exposition were included three articles of Edith's handiwork. These were a sample of kindergarten sewing, another of splint weaving, and a doll's hammock which she had netted. These articles were so well finished that they would compare favorably with similar work done by seeing children.
Until recently Edith has occupied a room alone, and she Avas very happy when she found she was to have a room-mate; but she at first dis- turbed her companion by rising very early in the morning and arousing M — . Reproof did not prevent a repetition of the offence, but when she learned that little M — was to be removed from her room, she begged that the child might be allowed to remain, 2)romising that she would not rise until she was sum- moned. She repeatedly spelled this promise to herself, as if to impress the necessity of its performance. She has kept her word, and now waits until the rising bell which arouses the other children, is connnunicated to her by an attendant, who goes to her bedside and spells b-e-1-1 in Edith's hand. She rises, dresses with- out assistance, and is soon ready for tlie duties and pleasures of the day.
60
In the early years of Laura Bridgman's educa- tion it was observed that she had a very cor- rect idea of the lapse of time. The same is true of little Edith. She has not yet learned the hours of the day, but reckons time with reference to such periods as breakfast, dinner, supper, morning, evening, yesterday, to-day, to-morrow. She keeps account of the days of the week, and their distinctive features in con- nection with her duties. It is evident, too, that, though she has not yet been given the names of the hours of the day, she nevertheless rec- ognizes each by its distinctive duty; and from hour to hour throughout the day, when notified that the bell has rung, she goes directly, with- out guidance, to the room in which her next lesson is to be given, or to prepare for the occupation assigned to the foUoAving hour. Sometimes she fails to receive notice; she may be alone, and, not knowing the exact time, as class hour approaches, she will go to the open door of the school-room, and stand perfectly still, watching for indications of the presence of the class. It takes but a moment thus to assure herself, and if she finds that the class has not yet assembled, she returns to her play.
Her fondness for being out of doors was mentioned in the last report. She sometimes goes out alone to play, but she likes better to take her recesses with the children, and to drag
Gl
the little girls about the grounds in a small wagon. Her fearlessness and agility in climbing ai-e some- times a source of anxiety to her teachers, but she never meets with any serious mishaps.
Her idea of locality, and the independence and freedom w^itli which she goes w^ierever she wishes (so far as she is allowed), are very remarkable, and are rarely equalled by any blind child who has the sense of hearing as a guide. She is familiar with the neighborhood of her home, and goes alone to the houses of friends. One day Edith sought pennission to visit a little girl whose home was on the opposite side of the street. Her mother hesitated to allow her to cross the street alone, but Edith pro- tested that she was " a large girl," and promised to "run quick;" and her mother at last con- sented, standing at the Avindow, meanwhile, to watch. As Edith reached the sidewalk, she per- ceived by the vibrations of the ground beneath her feet that an ice cart was approaching. Several of these heavy wagons followed in succession, and she stood patiently watching her oppor- tunity to cross. Then a light carriage was driven rapidly past, and still she waited, until, perceiving that was the last vehicle, she ran across to the fence on the opposite side, paused an instant to find her bearing, then followed the fence to the gate and thence found her way to the door. Her lack of sight docs not i)roduce
62
the usiial groping; and, were it not for the possibility of accidents against which she could not guard, she would scarcely need an attend- ant when she goes out for a walk.
Edith frequently asks permission to go to church; but it has not been considered wise to require the little girl to sit quietly through the length of time usually given to a church service, until she is able to understand something of its character. One day, however, while they were taldng a walk, her teacher, finding a church door open, entered with her pupil, showed her the interior of the building, and tried to give her an idea of the service. The pastor was a gentleman whom Edith knew, and she ])ecame much interested when her teacher told her that he stood in the pulpit and talked to the people. From that time she was so anxious to attend church with the other children that her teacher promised to take her. When Sunday morning came, the little girl said, " Edith put on best dress and go to church after make bed and fix room nice ; " and she ran al^out the house in great delight, telling every one who could talk with her that she was going to church. "When the hour came and she was ready to go, she asked for a penny to put in the contri- bution box, tied it in her handkerchief and jDut it in her pocket. She breathed hard and seemed to be in a fever of excitement all tlie way.
63
"When licr teacher attempted to caution her ahoiit keeping quiet and not making sounds with lier Hps, she withdrew her hand with an air which said plainly that such caution was unnecessary. And so, indeed, it proved; for she was perfectly quiet throughout the entire service. Edith is a very industrious little girl, and is capable of performing various household duties. She can set the table, wash and wipe dishes neatly, sweep floors and make beds. She likes to go to the laundry of the kindergarten, and assist in turning the stockings and folding the clothes. She shows great aptitude for cutting and fitting. She dresses her dolls m the fashions which please her, and if the dress of a visitor suggests to her a desirable style, she hastens to copy it in a new garment for one of her family of dolls. One day she found a headless rag doll, and she immediately set to work to replace the lost member. Taking a piece of cloth, with- out pattern she cut tAvo slightly oval pieces, well shaped and fairly proportioned to the size of the body, sewed them nearly around, leaving an o]iening through which to put the stuffing. She turned them so as to leave the seam on the inside*, and, cutting small pieces of cloth, stuffed the head she had made; then taking a strip she sewed it around the opening, thus maldng a neck for the doll, taking care that this seam also shoukl be on the inside; and finally stitched
64:
the neck to the body of the doll. The idea was entirely her own, and in its execntion she had no assistance whatever. This is but one of many examples which might be cited to show that she not only has the imagination to con- ceive, but also the sldll and ingenuity to cai-ry out her conceptions; and this ability is not con- fined to handiwork only, but seems to extend to all practical matters as far as she has yet had experience.
She is affectionate in her disposition, and re- sponds quickly to those who manifest an interest in her. She is fond of children, but shows dis- crimination, and is much more attracted to some of her school-mates than to others. She joins heartily in their sports, in some of which she is the leader, takes ])ixrt in their gymnastic exer- cises and in their kindergarten games. She is also fond of animals, especially of dogs and horses.
She has grown more tender and considerate of the feelings of others; she seeks the approval of her teachers, and often manifests sorrow when she has done wrong, or when she has accidentally committed mischief. One day, by a quick move- ment of her hand she swept from a shelf^ where the child had placed it, a doll belonging to one of her school-mates. It fell upon the floor and was broken, and little Edith repeatedly expressed her sorrow for the accident, and tried to assure
65
her teacher that she did not mean to do it. Tlien a sudden thought seemed to occur to her; she ran to her room, and, selecting her fovorite doll, she carried it to the little girl to replace the one she had broken.
Her jnmishments (for she is very human, and jnst as naughty as the average child) are borne with better grace than formerly, and she some- times contrives to make them more endurable by finding some fun in them. As a punishment for a certain misdemeanor, she was allowed to have only plain bread for several successive meals. She accepted her punishment without remonstrance, and with a smile of merriment she used her knife and fork at each meal, and ate her bread with an air of "making believe" it was the most dainty fare.
The characteristics of childhood, wliich are generally supposed to be developed by the quick- ening influences of sight and hearing, appear in Edith Avithout such stimulus. A recent incident illustrates this. A pair of gloves which had just been bought for Edith pleased her exceedingly, and she asked if she might show them to a visitor. Permission being given, she brought them ; but, as she was advancing to present them, she stopped, drew back a little, and stood for awhile, in doubt. After some hesitation she finally approaclied, and, with a smile, timidly offered the gloves for examination. Her manner
66
was very sweet and engaging while expressing that natural shyness so common among little children.
Blindness, while it closes one of the broadest and smoothest avenues to learning, has never- theless partial compensations in removing some distracting influences, and in creating a sense of dej^endence which tends to make the pupil more docile. Thus the blind child is uncon- sciously aided to that greater steadiness of appli- cation, by which alone he can ovei"come the great obstacles in his way. But, strangely enaugh, the loss of sight has not aroused in Edith this sense of dependence; and the additional loss of hear- ing, instead of awakening that hunger for food from without, which such terril^le isolation has created in other blind deaf mutes, has stimu- lated the development of resources within her- self, and thus increased her independence and self-reliance. Hence, when she entered school her mind was not a blank page ready for the inscription of the daily lessons of her teacher, but was as full of childish fancies, thoughts and plans as that of any intelligent little girl of her age; and, in view of her slight incentives to the painfully slow and laborious task before hei", the progress of little Edith is remarkable. But the very traits of character which were a hin- drance at the commencement of her education are the strongest assurances of greater progress
G7
in the liituro. The deliglit wliich she manifested, wlien, after the long' vacation, the summons came for her return to the kindergarten, and tlie pleasure Avhich she has begun to feel in reading embossed books, are indications of an awaken- ing interest in her studies, which, combined with her great natural ability, can scarcely fail to produce admirable results.
Ladies' Yisiting Committee.
The ladies' visiting committee have not only continued to manifest a kindly interest in the welfiire of the children, but they have cheerfully assisted in raising the necessary funds to insure the permanence of this w^ork, and to their efforts we are indebted for a considerable portion of the annual receipts. They held a second recep- tion at the kindergarten in April last, and organized a Ladies' Auxiliary Aid Society, which has been actively at Avork sending out branches and extending a knowledge of the kindergarten and its needs throughout 'New England. The following article appeared in the April issue of the "Transcript Monthly," of Portland, Maine: —
The Ki:n'derg^uitex for the Blixd.
It is now nearly two years since tliis benntiful and helpful institution has been in active life and working. At first a dream in the mind of Michael Auagnos, its founder and father, a dream which was by many i)eo[)le considered
68
wliolly unpractical and impossible of realization, it has gradually shaped itself into a beneficent reality, the impor- tance of which it is difficult to overestimate. Let us consider for a minute what the life of a little blind child is, without the sort of help that the kindergarten affords. By far the greater number of these little ones are the children of working people, whose days must be spent in toil, that they may win bread for themselves and those who are dependent on them. While the father is in the shop or the factory, the mother busy at home or abroad, the sisters and brothers at school, the blind baby must of necessity sit alone in dark- ness. It may be — alas! would that experience showed us it always is ! — as tenderly loved as is the child of a millionnaire ; often, perhaps, much more tenderly. But the work must go on ; the bread must be earned ; the washing, mending, cleaning, cooking, must be done. And so, as I said, the blind baby spends much of its time alone. It is probably not unhappy ; few little children are, thank God ! They take things very much as a matter of course, and the sunshine they brought with them from heaven* keeps them warm and cheerful still. The baby plays with its toys, makes its journej^s of exploration round the kitchen, learns the shape of table and chair (let us hope, not of the hot stove!), of kitten and puppy, by means of its busy fingers; learns to distinguish voices, to welcome its father with a crow of welcome when he comes in for his brief " nooning;" to flush and quiver with delight at the approach of its mother's well-known footstep. It sits on the doorstep in warm weather, basking in the sunshine, like the kitten at its side ; breathing the soft air ; listening to the bird-songs and the voices of the other children at play ; feeling with delight of the wild flowers which its sister throws into its lap. Ah, yes ! or else, if it has the misfortune to be a city child, it breathes polluted air, reeking with foul odors ; it listens to the rumbling of carts and wagons, to the oath and
69
curse, coarse jest and ribald shout ; perliaps, instead of flowers, it receives a cliance blow from the drunkard, staggering down the dirty alley on his way to the rum-shop at the corner.
But, in the better or the worse condition, think of all that the little blind child does not have. Think of the blue of sky and water, the glint of sunshine, the cool green of leaf and grass, the vivid beauty of flower and fruit. Think of the smile on familiar fuecs, the look of love in kindly ej'es ; and then think what it must be to see none of these — never to see them ! to sit in dark- ness, absolute and unchanging.
The blind baby in tlie modest country home is happy, knowing nothing of what it misses ; but how will it be when the little mind begins to awake, when the child begins to think, to wonder, to question ? The mother has no time to teach, to tell, to explain ; the father is wearied out when he comes home at night, the other children thoughtless and impatient, as children will be. How is this blind baby to learn? How is the bud of its intelligence to expand, to unfold, into the blossom of an active, discerning intellect? This is the question that Mr. Anagnos asked himself. He found the answer in the kindergarten for the blind. Visiting the kindergarten for seeing children, he saw how^ the little fingers were taught to work, the little minds were taught to think. If this sort of training was beneficial to children having the use of their eyes, of what incalculable benefit would it be to the little sightless ones over whom his fatherly heart yearned? Like his great predecessor in work for the blind, Dr. Samuel G. Howe, to think is, with Mr. Anagnos, to act. Like Dr. Howe, he began at once, — began with a very little ; like him, he sees his work growing to noble proportions ; and still, as tlie substan- tial fabric grows, his thoughts and wishes outstrip it,
70
building ever fairer castles, laying out sweeter gardens, wherein these wounded blossoms may be brought to per- fection.
" Ah ! but a man's reach should exceed his grasp, Or what's a heaven for ? "
Michael Anaguos would fain see every blind baby in the land safe within the walls of a great, children's palace, filled with every pleasant thing ; where play should be work, and work be play ; where the days should pass so happily that the little ones should forget their blind- ness.
Meanwhile, he has done what he could in the present ; and the kindergarten for the blind in Roxbury stands as the fruit of his labors hitherto.
Work was begun on May 2, 1887, with ten children. There are now twenty-seven in the school, and five more are shortly to be admitted, making thirty-two in all. This is the full number which the present building can hold, even by utilizing every nook and corner. To quote from Mr. Anaguos's last report : —
Thus the sajDling, which was planted in hope and faith only a few years ago, stands before us now, a thriving and vigorous young tree, spreading its branches in every direction, and afford- ing a refreshing shelter, under which a group of little sightless boys and girls are enjoying the benefits of a home circle and the inestimable advantages of early education. Many of these children have been exposed fi-om their eai'ly infancy to the most undesirable influence. They have seldom drunk the milk of human kindness or tasted the fruit of affection. They have scarcely ever known the blessings of wise guidance or of com- fortable domestic life, and their entrance ujion the new experiences of parental cai'e, rational training and pleasant associations, is marked by a corresponding imj^rovement in their manners and morals, and even by radical changes as to form and features.
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So far, so good; but still the "cry of the children" goes up. Mv. Auugnos is constantly receiving applications for admission, whicli he is unable to grant, both for want of room and for want of money. The men and women of Boston have responded nobly to his appeals for aid ; but, large as have been the sums contributed, still more is needed. And why, we may ask, should this good task of giving be confined to Boston, to Massachusetts? There arc children from Maine in this kindergarten. Will not the sons and daughters of IMaine give what they can to help this noble institution? A ladies' auxiliary to the kindergarten for the blind has lately been formed, of which, it is hoped, branches will spring up in all the New England States at least, if they go no farther. The writer of this article has under- taken to form such a branch association in Maine, and she earnestly calls upon all women who may chance to read those words, to give her such aid as may come within their means. The annuaf subscription is one dollar, and may be sent to Mrs. Henry Richards, Gardiner, Maine, before April 9. On receipt of the subscription, with name and address, a copy of the rules of the association will be sent to each subscriber.
SUM3IAKY.
The year which has just ended has been a satisfactory one, and the new year opens full of promise. The school is filled to its utmost capacity with little children to Avhom the kinder- garten training is a present delight, and a groundwork for a more thorough education in the future. The officers are working heartily in a cause in Avhich they manifest an interest amounting to enthusiasm. The endoANmient fund
72
is completed. These blessings are surely abun- dant cause for gratitude. But the pressure of numbers warns us that we cannot yet rest upon our oars. The demand now is for more room.
KespectfuUy submitted,
JOHN A. BENNETT,
Acting Director.
73
EEPORT OF THE MATROX
I have the pleasure to submit the following brief report of the kindergarten for the blind, for the year ending Sept. 30, 1889.
The year has brought us its legacy of love and labor, and with it there are substantial evidences of prosperity and progress. Through the generosity of benevolent friends we are enabled to give to a lim- ited number of children opportunities for instruction equal to those aflbrded more fortunate children. The work has proceeded systematically, the results are definite and tangihle, the outlook is full of promise.
With the present arrangements for teaching our number of children, necessarily requiring so many classes, the daily demand upon the teachers is too exacting and severe ; but of their work one can only speak in terms of unqualified praise. It is character- ized by rare fidelity and enthusiasm ; it is felt and valued beyond the limit of the school-room.
The children are themselves the best testimony to the success of this system of instruction. The morn- ing song, the daily occupation, the games, the music class, the reading hour, — these all serve to keep active both hand and l)rain. Body and mind work harmoniously together, and the result is seen in firmer muscles, stronger arms and freer motions, with
74
a growing mental capacity which soon overcomes that restlessness and indolence so habitual to children of this class. As one boy expressed it, "I feel the good sprouting inside of me."
Careful attention is given to the study of music. It is the children's natural language, and they love it. Ten pupils began piano practice this year, and daily lessons in singing are given to all the pupils.
In response to the wish of the director, the chil- dren prepared an exhibition of their work for the Paris Exposition, which was arranged and mounted by the teachers, and the exhibit has received fav- orable mention from the educational jurors of the Exposition.
The instruction of Edith Thomas has continued with gratifying success. She has added largely to her vocabulary of words. She writes the square hand intelligibly and correctly, ajid has begun the study of elementary arithmetic. Her teacher. Miss L. M. Fletcher, resigned at the close of the school year, and Miss H. M. Markham has been engaged in her place, and has already entered upon her duties.
The health of the school has been exceptionally good, there having been no cases of serious illness during the year.
The annual reception of the ladies' visiting com- mittee was held here on Tuesday, April 9, the guests completely filling the house. The exercises in the hall were of a very interesting character. The members of the committee have been actively eno-ao-ed in behalf of the kindergarten, and have ren- dered it material aid and service ; while their frequent
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visits and their personal interest and sympathy have given hcl[) and encouragement to all the household.
The whole number of pupils for the year was 41, — 20 girls and 21 boys. Of these, 1 was dismissed as ineligible for instruction, and 8 have been pro- moted to the school at South Boston, leaving the present number 32.
The number of applicants for admission exceeds the limit of accommodation, and our chief regret, as we begin another year, is our inability to receive all who are waiting admittance.
Respectfully submitted,
ISABEL GREELEY,
Matron. Oct. 15, 1889.
76
eeceptio:n^
GIVEN BY THE LADIES' VISITING COMMITTEE AT THE KINDERGARTEN FOR THE BUND,
Tuesday, April 9, 1889.
A second reception was given by the ladies' vis- iting committee, with arrangements for the entertain- ment of guests similar to those made for the first reception, which was held in May, 1888. Cards of invitation were issued for Tuesday, April 9, at 3 p.m., and the building was thronged with ladies, and gen- tlemen interested in the instruction of little blind children by kindergarten methods.
In the school-rooms the pupils were disposed in groups which were variously employed, — some in examining and describing geometrical forms ; some in paper or splint weaving ; others were executing designs with tablets or wires pinned on cushions ; and a few were reading from embossed books. All this work was eagerly watched by the visitors who crowded these rooms ; but a still more eager crowd were massed in the small room in which Edith Thomas sat beside her teacher, engaged in similar work, and, notwithstanding her greater hindrances, accomplishing it with equal skill and with greater
speed thiin her school-mates. Her reading was even more interesting tlian her work. The quickness with which the tiny fingers of her k^ft hand caught tlie words from the embossed page, while the fingers of her right hand were transmitting them to her teacher, was a marvel to all around her.
At the expiration of nearly an hour spent in this way, the children were allowed a recess. IMean- while, the guests were invited to the hall, and after they were seated the children entered, and, having been placed near the platform, the formal exercises proceeded in the order indicated by the following programme : —
RECEPTION
AT THE
KINDERGARTEN FOR THE BLIND, Tuesday, April 9, 1889.
rROGRAMME.
1. PIANO SOLO- Waltz, Raff.
Miss ROESKE.
2. RECITATION,
Lily IIowauu.
3. BIRD SONG,
The Kindergarten Children.
4. ADDRESS,
Rev. Phillips Brooks.
6. SOLO FOR CLARINET — Andante and Waltz, . Vcfizano. John F. Morrison.
(n) SONG — "Little Birds."
6. <( (b) MUSICAL EXERCISE.
(c) SONG — "The Pansies."
The Kixuehgartex Chh.dken.
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7. ADDRESS,
Rev. G. A. Gordon.
8. SONG — " Marguerite," Bischoff.
]\Ir. L. W. Titus.
9. REMARKS,
Dr. Samuel Eliot.
10. CHORUS FOR FEMALE VOICES —
" The Mountain Brook," Eheinberger.
President Eliot, after briefly welcoming the guests, announced the first piece on the programme, — a piano solo, played by Miss Roeske. Then followed a recita- tion about Daflfy-down-dilly, given by Lily Howard, who, holding one of the flowers in her hand, repeated the little poem " with perfect inflection and very sweet modulation." In the "Bird Song" the responses to the chorus, "Sing, little bird, and tell us your name!" were given in solos by the children, each of whom held in her hand a stufied bird of the class which she represented.
Dr. Eliot then introduced Rev. Dr. Brooks, who spoke as follows : —
ADDRESS OF REV. PHILLIPS BROOKS, D. D.
It is a very great pleasure to me to take part in a service like this. Some years ago some of us met together in a similar manner when this work was inaugurated ; and now that we have an opportunity to meet together again, and look into the future, and anticipate what is going to be done, it is certainly very pleasant.
One always wishes in such a meeting as this that he could keep closely connected with such a work. We come here and get one look at it and then go away, and come back after a year and find how much larger the work has
7<)
grown than when we viewed it before. One of the advan- tages of our modern civilization is the way in which every work is encouraged by the consciousness of otiier works ; and so we come here, tliose of us who are at work any- where, and get inspiration, while we try also to give some inspiration to the work that is being done here.
What is the thought we get upon such an annivcrsarj' day as this? We get an insight into the privilege of minis- tering to imprisoned lives, the coming to those who are shut in in any way behind the prison bars of obstructed senses, and seeing what can be done to give them liberty within the prisons in which they are living. Sometimes it seems as though the senses within which we live were also the im- prisonments of our life. It seems as though the senses which are tlie quickest were aware of a barrier behind which their action is restrained. There is a power of seeing for Avhich the eye is too dull ; there is a power of hearing for Avhich the ear is too slow ; there is a power of touch for which the fingers are too clumsy. And so there is a power that lies behind all the powers and is imprisoned by them. And we look forward and think of what is to come when the finer body shall be given us, which shall be a more satisfactory and complete expression of the soul within ; when with a finer sight the eye shall see, when with a more acute hearing the ear shall hear, and there shall be a refinement of body as well as an escape from the body ; when the soul shall enter upon the perfect life, and attain its full and complete education. AVhile we wait for that, there come the oppor- tunities of this work, the education within the prison, by which the soul of every one of us is alwaj's being made a finer and more perfect thing.
There are illustrations of tins, again and again, in tlie history of prisons. There are prisons which, if we could look into them, would be the most sacred places, because in them the soul, which seems to be shut awa}' from the
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larger life without, is thrown back upon itself, causing its own native powers to expand and to attain to liigher experi- ences otherwise unknown. We might see the deep cavern where tlie old prophet sat through the dark night, and his si)irit laid hold upon his God. We might see the prison in which the Apostles sang their songs, and turned it into a temple of enlightenment, and brought the freedom of the Gospel to an enslaved soul. We might open the prison where the wonderful Italian sat who told the story to which the world has listened, as within his dungeon the finer parts of his nature became conscious of themselves. We might open the chamber within which John Bunyan sat and wrote his glorious book. We should know that even the prison has proved capable of furnishing means and conditions for the education and enlightenment of life ; that the stone walls do not make a prison, — that there is within the stone walls the largest liberty the soul has had in the history of men.
Is not this wdiat the work of these teachers is doing for these children? Are you not working with that God of whom the psalmist said, "■the Lord looseth men out of prison ; the Lord giveth sight to the blind ? " — bringing men out. of prison while they sit in prison, bringing light to those in darkness, and enlargement to the constraint to which these precious little lives are subjected.
There is always something exceedingly touching when we hear the language of the blind, and hear thera talk of seeing sights as if somehow the sense were in them and were bringing forth its fruit, even when to us it seems to be entirely wanting. It shows there is a faculty behind the sense, and to that the kindergarten appeals and brings instruction to the children which may become a living influence in their lives. Childhood comes to us with its peculiar appeal, for there is in its enjoyments and in its pains something that touches us very deeply through its perfect simplicity ; and so the exhortation of inspiration bids
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men to turn themselves into clnldi'en, to become! like children, and see how a child's life has all the sweetness of a full- grown life. I think it is a great privilege to minister to the sick and suffering on the part of those who are well, and to the ignorant on the part of those who are learned, and to the blind on the part of those who are seeing ; and they must have very peculiar and precious experiences who come in connection with the blind child's life. You cannot look into the faces of the little children who sit before you and not bless that goodness which has known how to mani- fest itself under circumstances which would seem to us impossible, and to recognize with heartftlt gratitude that mercy which has sent its love where it would seem to us that there could be nothing but a sense of loneliness and pain.
Let us rejoice in the prospect which such an institution as this opens to the children. 1 congratulate you who have worked here and built this institution, and whose hearts are here, who have furnished it, and whose steps are always turning here from the happy homes in which you live, bringing your happiness here and making it bright and brighter with your presence. I do not simply thank you for it, but I congratulate you upon the privilege you enjoy, which is more and more to you upon every recurring anni- versary. We want to lift up our hearts in thankfulness for what God has enabled us to do for these children here, and feel that he will enable us to see in the future a brighter and richer progress and fulfilment of this delightful charity. [Applause.]
A solo for the clarinet was very acceptably ren- dered by John F. Morrison, after which the children sang a song al)out the " Little Birds," which they illustrated by gestures of the hands. This was fol- lowed by a musical exercise, in wliicli they sang the
82
scale by numbers, and named correctly different notes struck upon the piano. The teacher then played an exercise to which they kept time by clapping their hands in doul)le, quadruple or octuple time, as the music demanded.
The president then introduced Rev. Mr. Gordon as the next speaker.
ADDRESS OF REV. GEORGE A. GORDON. I am sure that this musical exercise has given most of us a feeling of inferiority to the children. I think that most of us must feel- not only that our sense of hearing is lacking in acuteness, but that we are actually hard of hearing. I think that if those who complain in our churches of not being able to hear were present this afternoon, they might attribute the difficulty largely to their own lack of education. There is another thing that I have been thinking of ; we are so familiar with it that we have ceased to wonder at it, — the communication of thoughts through the fingers in instrumental music. These children are taught here actually to feel the great thoughts of the world, and to take these great thoughts, the thought of God's love and human sympathy and all the rich treasures of ideas and sentiments in the world, — to take these in with their fingers. These thoughts are felt and taken from the outward world into the brain tlu'ough the sense of touch. I think it is wonderful. We who are accustomed to study the New Testament are always won- dering with what ej^es the Master of Christendom would look upon any work in which we are interested, and with which it is our privilege to sympathize and co-operate. We know what his feeling was in the presence of the blind. He gave them sight. They appealed to his heart with the most pathetic and moving power. We are called upon here to give sight to the blind, in our way, not his ; not by restora- tion of the lost sense, but by the substitution of a new oue,
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so that instead of thought being taken in through the S3'nibols that are addressed to the sight, the same tliouglits that work powerfully in our minds and in our hearts, and that enrich our lives, may enter into these lives through the sense of touch ; that the symbol of touch may convey the identical thoughts that we receive through the symbols of sight.
It must be a beautiful work thus to prevent, to go before, to outwit some of the calamities that befall some of our kind. There is inventiveness and enterprise and invincibility in the very nature of love ; and surely this work is one in which intelligence, as the servant of charity, is seen to be inventive and invincible. Our Saviour says, "The poor" — that is, the helpless — "ye have with you always." I do not think we are in the habit of dwelling enough upon the thought how hard-hearted, how absolutely self-indulgent and cruel we should become, if it were not for these incesr sant appeals from the helpless, keeping our love and our sympathy and our unselfish instincts alive. I think that we should rejoice in the privilege of being helpers of those who need our help. Just as it is said of the Supreme Being, that he needs us for the fulfilment of his life of infinite charity, so we, in so far as we rise into his image and approach his life, need for the fulfilment of our highest life those who are needy, and have literally, as these dear chiidren have, " no language but a cry,"
I am sure that we all ask the blessing of God upon this beautiful work, and pray that many hearts may be brought within the range of its beautiful appeal, and man}' souls made to see the opportunities for spiritual advance, for the enrichment and enlightenment aud refinement of their own lives through the generous support of it.
I rejoice to have been present here this afternoon, aud consider it a privilege to help in any degree this work of humanity and mercy. [Api)lausf.]
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Bischoff's song, "Marguerite," sung by Mr. Titus, was well received. Dr. Eliot then made the closing address.
ADDRESS OF DR. SAMUEL ELIOT.
The Ladies' Visiting Committee, who have prepared and carried out this reception, desire me to express their regret that Mr. Saltonstall, whose name was announced as one of the speakers, cannot be present, on account of illness. We all share in that regret, for we remember how earnest has been the sympathy of Mr. Saltonstall in previous years.
Before bringiug the exercises of the afternoon to a close, I have to say only a word or two with regard to what may be called the material aspect of this work. We have heard a great deal about the spiritual benefits of this work, but it still remains a necessity on the part of the officers and members of the corporation, and the board of trustees, to insist whenever they have an opportunity that the work still needs money. It needs the completion of the endowment, in the first place ; and to that end something like twenty-five thousand dollars are still required. It needs also contributions towards its annual expenses, which have hitherto been almost unprovided for ; and with reference to that object a movement has recently been organized by the ladies of this very visiting committee, constituting a Ladies' Auxiliary Aid Association to the kindergarten, for the purpose of raising in small as well Jis in large subscriptions the money that is needed to carry it on from day to day and from month to month through the year. The treasurer and the secretary of this auxiliary association are present this afternoon. They will be found seated at the end of the hall near the head of the stairs, and will be glad to receive any contributions or subscriptions. We need twenty- five thousand dollars to complete the endowment of this kinder- garten, and from five to eight thousand dollars a year to carry it on. These children plead for themselves, and they need no
85
voice of mine, no voice of any man or woman to plead for tliom. God has denied them great blessings, l)ut he has given them gi-eat blessings ; and one of the greatest blessings that he has given them is a blessing which is denied to many of us who have oui- eyes untouched, — and that is the power of creating sympathy, and awaking in the coldest heart some sort of warm throb of pathetic and overflowing response to their demands. They naake no demands, — that is a wrongly chosen word ; but here are their wants, which the mere sight of them tells, with- out any words to fill out the description.
You have seen something of the training which this kinder- garten gives. Of that nothing has been said this afternoon, and it is too late for me to dwell upon it in any detail ; but the training given here, as it is observed by those of us who come here from time to time and see it as it goes on, is of the most appropriate character. It is a training thoroughly adapted to the most infinite wants of every one of these children ; and as they grow under it, as they grow not only in intellectual and in spiritual power but in the power of enjoying life, and of seeing, yes, of seeing the brightness that there is in life, there rests upon the training given, evidently an unspeakable blessing, a blessing which comes from out the open skies. "What this training may be to children bereft of more senses than the one that is denied to the children of the kindergarten, I ask you to let me show to you in a short letter from Helen Keller. Helen Keller, as most of you- know, is not only blind, but deaf and dumb ; a child of most tender and near interest to every one of us concerned in the kindergarten, because she has been here and belongs to us ; she belongs to the Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind, because her teacher was trained in that institution. The letter shows how much the education of a child whose mind it must have been dithcult to approach, is due to the teacher trained at our school at South Boston. It is therefore as an integral part of the work that is going on among us, as an illustration
8G
of the work more especially clone here within these walls, that I read this short letter written to a little child in Boston.
Here is a child whose sight is apparently, but only appar- ently, denied, and what has been done for that child is done for these children with greater advantages in many respects than that child possesses, and will continue, we may trust, to be done here to all generations. Do not forget, — do not forget the material appeal, the appeal for material help and aid which I have tried in a few words to make. [Applause.]
And now these exercises will come to a conclusion, with a chorus for female voices, "The Mountain Brook."
After the exercises were ended, the visitors still lin- gered, and some of them placed in the hands of the Ladies' Auxiliary Aid Association substantial proof of their in- terest in the work, before they finally took leave.
87
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.
AVe liiive been greatly indebted during the past year to the kind thoughtfuhiess of the following persons, for various entertainments and pu1)lications : —
I. — Acknowledgments for Concerts and Operas in the City.
To Mr. Eugene Tompkins, proprietor, and Mr. Henry A. McGlenen, manager, of the Boston Theatre, for a pass admitting parties of fifty in number to thirty-five operas.
To Mr. Henry Lee Higginson, proprietor, and Mr. Charles T. Ellis, manager, of the Boston Symphony Concerts, for seventy-two tickets to the first, and sixty tickets to the second. Young People's Orchestral concerts.
To the Apollo Club, through its secretary, Mr. Arthur Reed, for six tickets to each of six concerts. To Mrs. Thomas O. Richardson and an anonymous fi'iend, each, for four tickets to the same.
To the Boylston Club, through its secretary, INIr. F. H. Ratcliffe, for eight tickets to each of six concerts.
To the Cecilia, through its secretary, Mr. Edward Pelham Dodd, for an average of eighteen tickets to each of four con- certs. To an anonymous friend, for four tickets to the same.
To ]Mr. Ernst Porabo, for twelve tickets to each of three pianoforte recitals.
To jNIr. Arthur Eoote, for five tickets to each of two pianoforte recitals.
To Frau Anna Steiuiger Clark, for twelve tickets to one pianoforte recital.
88
To Mr. E. W. Tyler, for twelve tickets to each of two pianoforte recitals.
To Mr. Richard Burmeister, for ten tickets to each of two pianoforte recitals.
To Mr. Clayton Johns and Mr. Eliot Hubbard, for thirty- six tickets to one piano and song recital.
To Mrs. Mary F. Brooks, for ten tickets to one concert.
To Mrs. H. A. Beach, for eight tickets to one pianoforte recital.
To Mr. Thomas P. Currier, for six tickets to one concert.
To Miss Anna Muriel Dunlap, for ten tickets to one concert.
To Rev. J. J. Lewis, pastor of the Broadway Univer- salist Church, for a general invitation to all concerts and other entertainments given before that society.
To the St. John's M. E. Church, through its treasurer, Mr. P. H. Elton, for fourteen tickets to a course of lectures and concerts.
To the Y. W. C. T. U., for thirty tickets to one concert.
To Miss E. F. Pierce, for eight tickets to one concert.
To the Grand Lodge, Knights of Honor, for seventy-four tickets to one entertainment.
To Mr. John E. Pinkham, for sixty-eight tickets to one Rosenthal concert.
To Signor Campanini, for fifty-seven tickets to one concert.
To Mr. Charles T. Ellis, for forty tickets to Mrs. Flora E. Barry's testimonial concert.
//. — Ack)iowledg7nents for Concerts, Lectures, and Readings given in our Hall.
For a series of recitals, concerts and readings given frojii time to time in the music hall of the institution, we are greatly indebted to the following artists : —
To Mrs, Sherwood, assisted by her daughter Elsa, for one concert.
To Mr. John Orth, assisted by his pupil, Mr. Dadmun, for
89
one concert. To the same, assisted by his pupil, Miss Mabel George, for one concert.
To ]Mr. George J. Parker, assisted by ^Mrs. E. Ilmnplirey Allen, Miss Gertrude Edmands, Mr. William L. Whitney, vocalists, Mr. C. N. Allen, violinist. Miss Helen Plummer and Mr. Arther Whiting, pianists, for one concert.
To the same, assisted b}' INIrs. Ella Cleveland Fenderson, vocalist, and Mr. Arthur Foote, pianist, for one concert.
IIT. — Acknowledgments for Books, Specimens, etc. For various books, specimens, etc., we are indebted to the following: friends : —
To Miss Margaret Beaton, the late Mrs, Ellen M. Gifford of Connecticut, and the Society for Providing Evangelical Religious Literature for the Blind.
IV. — Acknoivledgments for Periodicals and Newspapers. The editors and publishers of the following reviews, maoazines and semi-monthly and weekly papers, continue to be very kind and liberal in sending us their publica- tions gratuitously, which arc always cordially welcomed and perused with interest : —
The N. E. Journal of Education, The Atlantic, . . ....
Boston Home Journal,
Youth's Companion,
Our Dumb Animals, 2 copies.
The Christian, .
The Christian Register,
The ISIusical Record,
The IMusical Herald,
The Folio,
Littell's Living Age,
Boston, Mass.
90
Unitarian Review,
The Watclimau,
Zion's Herald, .
The Missionary Herald,
The Well-Spring, .
The Salem Register,
The Century, .
St. Nicholas, .
The Journal of Speculative Philosophy,
Church's Musical Journal,
Goodson Gazette, . Va. Inst, for
Tablet, . . West Va. Inst, for
Good Health, .....
L'Amico dei Ciechi, ....
Valentin Haiiy, a French monthly.
Boston, Mass.
Salem, Mass. New York, N. Y.
Cincinnati, 0.
Deaf Mutes and Blind.
Deaf Mutes and Blind.
. Battle Creek, Mich.
. Florence, Italy.
. Paris, France.
I desire to express our warmest thanks to all who have
so kindly remembered us, and to assure them that their
kindnesses have been fully and heartily appreciated by all
our number, and with very great pleasure and profit to
the recipients.
JOHN A. BENNETT,
ActiJig Director.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.
CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, APPLIANCES,- AND TANGIBLE APPARATUS.
02
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96
ANALYSIS OF MAINTENANCE ACCOUNT.
|
Meat, 30,354 pounds, . . . . |
$2,655 18 |
|||
|
Fish, 4,199 pounds, . . . . |
239 57 |
|||
|
Butter, 5,934 pounds, . . . . |
1,555 10 |
|||
|
Rice, sago, etc., |
37 36 |
|||
|
Bread, flour, meal, etc.. |
1,273 05 |
|||
|
Potatoes and other vegetables, |
763 78 |
|||
|
Fruit, |
438 35 |
|||
|
Milk, 32,019 quarts, . . . . |
1,700 60 |
|||
|
Sugar, 9,884 pounds, . . . . |
787 35 |
|||
|
Tea and coffee, 665 pounds, |
217 20 |
|||
|
Groceries, ..... |
1,048 79 |
|||
|
Gas and oil. |
467 10 |
|||
|
Coal and wood, .... |
2 983 77 |
|||
|
Sundry articles of consumption, . |
398 47 |
|||
|
Wages and domestic service. |
4,867 75 |
|||
|
Salaries, superintendence and instructio |
n, |
19,955 24 |
||
|
Outside aid, ..... |
222 75 |
|||
|
Medicine and medical aid, |
92 76 |
|||
|
Furniture and bedding, |
1,036 29 |
|||
|
Clothing and mending, |
78 53 |
|||
|
Stable, .... |
174 13 |
|||
|
Musical Instruments, |
. 1,175 95 |
|||
|
Boys' shop, . |
421 35 |
|||
|
Books and stationery, . |
. 1,194 25 |
|||
|
Construction and repairs. |
. 7,180 94 |
|||
|
Taxes and insurance, . |
. 1,501 64 |
|||
|
Travelling expenses. |
96 51 |
|||
|
Sundries, |
86 84 |
$52,650 60
97
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98
WORK DEPARTMENT, Oct. 1, 1889.
Statement.
Amount due Perkins Institution from the first
date, $45,931 54
Excess of receipts over expenditures, . . . 309 13
i,622 41
Cash received during the year, . . . .$15,508 84 Salaries and wages paid blind people, . $3,556 17 Salaries and wages paid seeing people, . 2,717 88 Amount paid for rent, stock and sun- dries, 8,925 6G
15,199 71
$309 13
|
Stock on hand Oct. 1, 1889, Receivable bills, |
. $3,725 42 . 2,608 61 |
|
|
Stock on hand Oct. 1, 1888, |
$6,334 03 . 6,147 18 |
186 85 |
|
. |
||
|
Gain, . . . . |
$495 98 |
00
Tlio followino^ account nxhiljits the state of the property as entered upon the books of the institution Oct. 1, 1889: —
|
Tiatl Eufnfe yielding Income. |
|||
|
House 11 Oxford StrtH-t, .... |
$7,000 00 |
||
|
Miiildiii<X 10 llayward IMaee, . |
44,000 00 |
||
|
IWiildiiijx L'.V) and 2.')2 I'urehase Street, . |
44,000 00 |
||
|
HuiUliii'i!: i>0,j and 207 Con- |
|||
|
<rress Street, . . . $75,000 00 |
|||
|
Less mortj^age, . . 50,000 00 |
25,000 00 9,!MJ0 00 |
||
|
Houses 412, 414, HO Fil'th Street, . |
|||
|
House ."i;^>7 Fourth Street, |
4,800 00 |
||
|
Houses .")41 and .34:5 I<'ourth Street, . |
9,600 00 |
||
|
Houses 557 and 559 Fourth Street, . |
15,500 00 |
||
|
Houses 58:5 to 589 Fourth |
|||
|
Street, .... $21,200 00 |
|||
|
Less morto-age, . . 6,750 00 |
14,450 00 |
||
|
House 99 and 101 H Street, . |
3,300 00 |
||
|
Three houses on Day and Perkins streets, |
5,400 00 |
$182,950 |
00 |
|
Real Estate used by the InHilulioii. |
|||
|
Real estate used for school purposes, |
|||
|
South Boston, |
• . |
246,277 |
00 |
|
Real estate used for school purposes. |
|||
|
Jamaica Plain, |
. |
69,519 |
00 |
|
Unimproved land. South Boston, |
9,975 |
00 |
Mortgage Notes,
Railroad Stock. Boston & Providence R. R., 30 shai-es,
value,
Fiteliljurg R. R , preferred, 70 shares,
value, .......
Chieago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 100
shares, value, ..... Chieago, Burlington & Nortliern R. R., 3
shares, value,
Eastern R. R , preferred, 31 shares, value,
Railroad Bonds. Eastern R. R., 1 6% l)ond, value, . Boston & Lowell R. R., 1 5% liond, value, Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R., 27
4s, value, ......
Chicago, Burlington & Northern R. R.,
14 5s, value, ......
Amoiiuts carried for irard,
|5,790 00
6,622 20
13,708 04
235 50 3,938 96
$1,270 00 1,000 00
26,190 00
14,416 88
147,000 00
30,294 70
$42,876 88
$686,015 70
100
Amotmts brought forward, Ottawa & Burlington R. R., 5 Gs, value, . Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council
BlutFs R. R., 5 7s, value, St. Paul, Minnesota & Manitoba R. R., 10
4s, value, ......
Kansas City, Gulf Division, 10 5s, value, Kansas City, Clinton & Si^ringfield R. R.,
3 5s, value,
Cash,
Household furniture. South Boston, Household furniture, Jamaica Plain,
Provisions and supplies, South Boston, Provisions and supplies, Jamaica Plain,
Coal, South Boston, .... Coal, Jamaica Plain,
Worh Department. Stock and bills collectible,
Musical Department One large organ. Four small organs, Forty-nine ])ianos, Brass instruments, Violins, Musical library,
Printing Department. Stock and machineiy,
Books,
Stereotype plates, .
School furniture and apparatiis, Library of books in common type, . Library of books in embossed type,
Boys' shop. Stable and tools,
142,876 88 5,500 00
6,375 00
8,800 00 9,987 50
3,051 25
$15,000 00 4,500 00
^575 61 130 00
,731 00 615 00
$5,000 00 200 00
11,000 00
500 00
35 00
600 00
$3,361 90
12,839 14
9,351 00
$3,000 00 11,300 00
$686,015 70
76,590 63 62,246 79
19,500 00
705 61
3,346 00
6,334 03
17,335 00
25,552 04 7,000 00
14,300 00 184 27
770 60
$919,880 67
101
The foregoing proijcrty represents the following fiuuls and balances, and is answerable for the same : —
InstUittion Funds. General fund of the institution, Harris fund, .... Richard Perkins fund,
Cash in treasury.
Printing Fund.
Capital,
Surplus for building purposes,
Kindcrgarlcn Fn nds. Helen C. Bradlee fund, Sidney Bartlett legacy, George Edward Downs legacy Mary Williams legacy. Funds from other donations, .
Cash in treasiny,
Buildings, unimproved real estate and personal projjerty in use for the insti- tution at South Boston,
Land, buildings and personal property in use for the kindergarten at Jamaica Plain, • .
$109,740 67 80,000 00 20,000 00
1107,500 00 23,544 GG
$40,000 00
10,000 00
3,000 00
5,000 00
32,650 00
209,740 67 45,870 88
131,044 66
90,650 00 16.375 91
346,034 55 80,1G4 00
$919,880 67
Total amount of property belonging to the kindergarten,
Total amount of proi)erty belonging to the institution i)roper, ....
$187,189 91 732,690 76
$919,880 67
102
FINANCIAL STATEMENT OF THE KINDERGARTEN For the Year ending Sept. 30, 1889.
Receipts.
Donations, $10,389 11
Helen C. Bradlee fund, . 38,000 00*
Legacies — George Edward Downs, $3,000 00 Mary Williams, . . 5,000 00 Sidney Bartlett, . 10,000 00
18,000 00
Endowment fund, . . . $72,389 11
Annual Subscriptions througli Ladies'
Auxiliary Aid Society, . . . $l,o7G 04
Contributions, . . • For current expenses, Donations for new building Board and tuition, Rents, .... Income from investments, Cash on hand Oct. 1, 1888,
Expenses.
Maintenance,
Grading and levelling, . Insurance and repairs on houses let. Invested,
1,543 29
Total expenses. Due on contract for grading.
Balance Oct. 1, 1889,
* This amount was received during the year just ended : in the preceding year the sum of $1,Q0Q was received, malving the amount of the Helen C. Buadleb
FUND $40,000.
|
3,119 |
33 |
||
|
2G |
00 |
||
|
2,785 |
00 |
||
|
1,010 |
50 |
||
|
3,845 |
00 |
||
|
33,148 |
10 |
116,323 |
01 |
|
$7,656 |
95 |
||
|
1,500 |
00 |
||
|
140 |
18 |
||
|
90,650 |
00 |
||
|
$99,947 |
13 |
||
|
2,000 |
00 |
||
|
101,947 |
13 |
||
|
$14,375 |
91 |
103
KINDERGARTEN ENDOWMENT EUND.
List of Contributors.
From Sept. 30, 1888, to Oct. 1, 1889.
Balance on hand after deducting amount for current
expenses, . A. B., second contribution, A. B., third contribution, A.,E.,.
Adams, Miss Lucy Ann, A friend, A friend, A friend, A friend, A friend, A friend, A friend, A friend,
A friend, South Framingluim, A friend, tln-ough Mrs. J. L. Gardner, A friend of the little blind children, additional, A friend of the little blind children, additional, A little girl from Northborough, A little girl's Lenten earnings, Appleton, Mis. William, seventh contributioi
B-,
Baker, ]Mrs. Walter, second contribution,
Amount carried forward,
|
. $29,648 |
10 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
500 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
1 |
00 |
|
500 |
00 |
|
500 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
200 |
00 |
|
300 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
60 |
|
|
2 |
75 |
|
. 1 ,000 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
. $;);3,057 |
45 |
104
Amount brought forivaixl,
Bowditch, Dr. Henry I., Bradlee, Miss Helen C, fourth contribution, Brown, Miss H. Louisa, second contribution, Bumstead, Mrs. Freeman J., Cambridge, second
contribution, .....
Cabot, Miss Margaret C, .
Cary, Miss G. S.,
Gary, Mrs. Ricliard, ....
Cash, .......
Cash, . . . . . . .
Casli, .......
Cash, .......
Cash, .......
Cash from L. M. H., .
Center, Joseph H., fifth contribution, .
Chapin, A. M., Milford,
Charles, Mrs. Mary C, fourth contribution,
Charles, Mrs. Mary C, fifth contribution,
Cheever, Miss A. M., third contribution,
Cheever, Miss M. E., second contribution.
Children's fair, Scotch Plains, New Jersey,
Children of Miss Isabel Merry's Kindergarten
Newark, N. J., Children of the Moore Street Kindergarten, Cam
bridgeport.
Children of Mrs. Voorhees' Kindergarten, Cam
bridgeport, third contribution, . Children of Miss Wiltze's Kindergarten, third
contribution, ......
Children of Miss Wood's Kindergarten, Maiden,
Avioimt carried forward,
|
. $33,057 |
45 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
.*38,000 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
2 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
50 |
|
|
500 |
00 |
|
8 |
25 |
|
50 |
|
|
25 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
4 |
12 |
|
7 |
04 |
|
I- 2 |
50 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
Cl 1 |
12 |
|
2 |
00 |
|
.$71,880 48 |
* This sum, with $2,000 received in the preceding year, makes the Helen C. Bradlee fund $10,000.
105
Amount brovgJit forward, . . . .$71,880 48
Chiklren's sale by INIarion Call and Gertrude
Velasco, additional, ....•• 1 20
Children's sale by Alice Meehaa and llattie
Seming, Jamaica Plain, ..... 2 50
" Christmas Leaflet " from Miss Sampson's little
folks, sixth contribution, ..... 5 00
Class in Shepard Memorial Church, Cambridge,
Miss A. E. Hilton's, 5 10
Comey, Miss M. P"., Cambridge, .... 3 00
Coolidge, Mrs. J. Templeman, sixth contribution, 200 00 Gushing, E. J., second contribution, ... 2 00
D., L. W. and M. M. D., fifth contribution, . 50 00
Dcvens, Rev. S. A., second contribution, . . 5 00
Dillaway, AY. E. L., 50 00
Doliber, Thomas, 10 00
Durant, William, second contribution, . . . 25 00
Eliot, Dr. Samuel, fourth contribution, . . 100 00
Ellis, George H., 25 00
Endicott, William, Jr., third contribution, . . 1,000 00
Entertainment by the boys of Perkins Institution, 15 00
Eair by Miss Marion C. Goodnow, 714 Centre
Street, 45 00
Fair at 31 Centre Street, Roxbury, by Henrietta Heinzen, Elsie Ruhl, Miriam Tower, Josie Bry- ant and Cora Forbes, ..... Fair by Amy and Edna Pickcrt, Jessie and Ida Patten, and Kittle L. Levick, .... Faulkner, Miss Fannie M., .
Field, Mrs. E. E. V , Milton, third contribution. Field, IMrs. E. E. V., Milton, fourth contribution.
Fields, Mrs. James T.,
Forbes, Robert Bennett, second contribution.
Amount carried forward, ....
105 00
|
41 |
08 |
||
|
25 |
00 |
||
|
5 |
00 |
||
|
5 |
00 |
||
|
50 |
00 |
||
|
50 |
00 |
||
|
8: |
J3, |
705 |
36 |
106
Amount brought forward.,
Foster, Miss C. P., Cambridge, .
Foster, Mr. aud Mrs. Francis C,
From a friend, throngli Mrs. H.,
From Estate of Sidney Bartlett, tlirough Francis
Bartlett, .......
Frothingliam, Rev. O. B., tliird contribution.
Fry, Mrs. Cliarles,
Gammell, Mrs. E. A., Providence,
Girls of Miss Marshall's class in Everett School
Goodman, Richard, Lenox, second contribution,
Gray, Mrs, Horace, third contribution.
Guild, Mrs. S. E., fourth contribution,
H., C. M., Cambridge, ....
Hale, Miss Martha,
Hall, Mrs. Josephine S., third contribution,
Haskell, Miss Alta, .....
Higginson, Waldo, second contribution.
Hill, Mrs. S. A., second contribution,
Howard, C. H., Lawrence, ....
Howe, Mrs. Henry S.,
Rowland, Mrs. Zenas C, Charlestown, second
contribution, ......
HunneAvell, F. "W., fourth contribution,
Huunewell, Mrs. H. S.,
Hutchins, Mrs. Constantine F., third contribution
lasigi, Miss Mary V., second contribution, .
Inches, John C, .
In memoriam, ......
Jackson, Mrs. J. A., Manchester, N. H., . Jackson, Mrs. J. B. S., sixth contribution, Jenks, Miss C. E., fifth contribution, . Joy, Mrs. Charles H.,
Amount carried forward,
|
.$73,705 |
36 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
. 1,000 |
00 |
|
70 |
00 |
|
. 10,000 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
2 |
60 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
3 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
2 |
00 |
|
15 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
.$85,477 |
96 |
107
Anwimt hrovglit forward,
K., ........
X(Mit, IMrs. Ilolona i\[., ....
Kidder, jMis. Henry P., . Kimball, Mrs. M. Day, third contribution, . Kindergarten at West Newton, Mls^ Sweetser's, King's Daughter, Marblehead, Lamson, Miss C. W., second contribution, . Lang, Mrs. Frances M., Little girl and little boy, Si 00 each, . Little Helpers, Newton Centre, through Mrs Gammon, .......
Lodge, Mrs. J. E., third contribution, . Lowell, IMiss Anna C, fourth contribution, . Luce, Matthew, ......
Mackay, Mrs. W., Cambridge,
Marshall. J. F. B.,
Mason, Miss Ida I\r., fifth contribution,
Meredith, Mrs. J. IL,
Meyer, Mrs. George von L., second contribution,
INIinot, George R. ,
INIinot, J. G., second contribution,
]\Iinot, The Misses, second contribution,
Mixter, Miss jNIadeleine C, second contribution,
Montgomery, William, seventh contribution, .
]Morse, Mrs. 8. F.,
Newell, iMrs. i\L Abbie, ....
Norcross, Grenville H.,
Norcross, INIiss Laura, fifth contribution,
Norcross, Mrs. Otis, Jr., fourth contribution,
Noyes, INfrs. J. R.,
" Out of town," ......
Partridge, IVIiss Jennie A., New York, .
Amount carried for ivanJ,
|
. SS5,477 |
9G |
|
5 |
00 |
|
oO |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
2 |
00 |
|
1 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
2a |
00 |
|
2 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
200 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
1 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
. 1,000 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
15 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
250 |
00 |
|
250 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
. 888,0-13 |
90 |
108
Ainoiint brougJd forward,
Peabody, Mrs. W. A., second contribution, Peters, Edward D., second contribution, Pritchard, Mrs. E. R., . Proceeds of fair by Bessie Osborne and
panions, ......
Proceeds of entertainments February 22 by
of Perkins Institution, Proceeds of reading at Chestnut Hill, by
Cabot, through John Richardson, Proceeds of entertainment at Chauncy Hall
second contribution, .... Pupils of Miss Anna C. Ward's School,
R., Mrs. C,
Rantoul, Miss Hannah L., Beverly, second
bution, ......
Reynolds, W. H., fourth contribution, . Richardson, Mrs. T. O., third contribution, Richardson, Dr. AV. L., third contribution, Ritchie, Mrs. John, ....
Rogers, Mrs. Anne B., Rockport, . Rogers, Miss Flora E., New York, Rogers, Henry M., third contribution, . Rotch, Mrs, B. S., sixth contribution, . Rotch, Miss Edith, fourth contribution, Russell, Miss Marian, ....
S., second contribution,
S. H. S., Cambridge, ....
o. o., . . . . .
Sale of Miss S. M. Fay's Poems, . Saltonstall, Leverett, ....
Saltonstall, Mrs. Leverett,
Sampson, George, second contribution, .
Amount carried forward,
|
' |
$88,043 96 |
|
10 00 |
|
|
80 00 |
|
|
1 00 |
|
|
com- |
|
|
135 00 |
|
|
pupils |
|
|
167 65 |
|
|
J. H. |
|
|
40 00 |
|
|
School |
|
|
108 35 |
|
|
28 00 |
|
|
5 00 |
|
|
contri- |
|
|
25 00 |
|
|
25 00 |
|
|
25 00 |
|
|
50 00 |
|
|
20 00 |
|
|
5 00 |
|
|
100 00 |
|
|
20 00 |
|
|
1,000 00 |
|
|
500 00 |
|
|
100 00 |
|
|
20 00 |
|
|
50 00 |
|
|
10 00 |
|
|
25 25 |
|
|
100 00 |
|
|
100 00 |
|
|
20 00 |
|
|
.$90,814 21 |
109
Amount brought forward ,
Sears, jMrs. K. W., third contribution, . Shaw, Mrs. G. Hovvland, .... Spencer, Henry F., second contribution, Sunday-school of Unitarian Society, Littleton
third contribution, ..... Suuday-scliool of the Unitarian Church, Dedham
third contribution, ..... Sutton, Mrs. Eliza, Peabody,
Swan, Miss E. B.,
Swan, Robert, ......
Swan, Mrs. Robert, sixth contribution, . Symonds, Miss Lucy H., second contribution,
T.,H. L.,
Taggard, Mrs. B. W., second contribution, . Tappan, Miss Mary A., third contribution, . Tappan, Miss Mary A., fourth contribution, Thayer, Mrs., second contribution, Thorndike, Mrs. J. H., seventh contribution, Through Freddie V. Walsh, .... Trinity Church. Easter offering, . Two friends, ......
U., S. R.,
W., second contribution, .... Ware, iNIrs. C. E., fonrtli contribution, . W., C. J., Cambridge, fourtli contribution, Warren, ]Mrs. J. Sullivan, tliird contribution,
White, INIrs. C. T.,
Whitney, :Miss Sarah W., . Whitwell, S. IL, second contril)ution, . Whitwell, Miss S. L., second contribution, . Winslow, Miss H. M., second contribution, . AVolcott, Mrs. J. H., eighth contribution,
Amount carried forward,
|
.$90,814 21 |
|
|
25 |
00 |
|
200 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
. 1,000 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
2 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
1 |
00 |
|
200 |
00 |
|
. 81>3,027 |
21 |
110
Amount brought forward,
$93,027 21
Wood, Miss C, 11 Moreland Street, second con- tribution, ........ 5 00
Wood, Mrs. E. S., Concord, 5 00
Woods, Henry, second contribution, . . . 1,000 00
^94,037 21
CONTRIBUTIONS FOR CURRENT EXPENSES.
Annual subscriptions tlirougli the Ladies' Auxiliary
Aid Society, Mrs. Jolm L. Gardner, treasurer. Baker, Mrs. Richard, Jr., .
B., M. D.,
Ferguson, Mrs. Ellen, from sale of " Poem to
Laura Bridgman, by M. D. B.," Callender, Mrs. Henry, ..... Children of Mrs. Yoorhees' Kindergarten, Cam
bridgeport, ......
Coolidge, Mrs. J. T.",
Coolidge, Mrs. J. T., Jr., .
Cunniflf, M. M.,
Elder, Miss E. C,
Fair by the Richards children, Gardiner, Maine
second contribution, .....
Fay, Miss S. M.,
Field, Mrs. E. E. V., Milton,
Field, Mrs. N. M., Monson, ....
Friends in Lynn, through Mrs. Haven,
Glover, Joseph B.,
Goodman, Richard, L^ox, ....
Harrington, M. S.,
Hayes's School, Mrs. Mary E. C,
Amount carried forward,
,576 04
50 00
5 00
5 00 5 00
5 00
100 00
10 00
50 00
3 00
120 68
10 00
5 00
100 00
60 00
100 00
10 00
1 00
100 00
$2,315 72
Ill
Ammmt hrongJit foricard,
Kiiulergai'tcn at Ivist IJraintree,
Loring, Mrs. W. C, .
Lowe, Miss Alice M., Clinton,
Lowe, Mr. and Mrs. A. W., Clinton,
Lowell, Mrs. G. G.,
Lowell, INIiss Lucy,
Marvin, Mrs. E. C,
Minot, Mrs. C. H.,
Peters, Edward D., .
Richardson, Dr. W. L.,
Saltonstall, Henry (annual), .
Saltoustall, W. G.,
Sunday-school of the First Church, Boston,
Tappan, D. D., Topsfield,
Thorndike, Mrs. J. IL,
Through Mrs. J. Malcolm Forbes,
Wainwright, Miss R. P.,
AVales, George W.,
Wales, Miss M. A.,
Watson, T. A., Weymouth,
Whitehead, Miss Mary, Charlestown (annual),
Whitehead, Miss Mary, Charlestown, .
S2,31o 72
|
12 |
00 |
|
2r> |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
r>o |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
20 |
00 |
|
50 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
105 |
61 |
|
1 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
200 |
00 |
|
5 |
00 |
|
100 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
25 |
00 |
|
10 |
00 |
|
70 |
00 |
5,119 33
FOR THE NEW BUILDING.
A friend, $25 00
Mademoiselle Norton, Paris, .... 1 00
$26 00
112
All contributors to the fund are respectfully requested to peruse the above list, and to report either to Edward Jackson, Treas- urer, No. 146 Franklin Street, Boston, or to the Director, M. Anagnos, South Boston, any omissions or inaccuracies which they may find in it.
EDWARD JACKSON, Treasurer. No. 146 Fhanklin Street, Boston.
The kindergarten, which was dedicated in April, 1887, is now crowded to its utmost capacity, and the increasing number of applicants makes it necessary that a second building should be erected without delay.
113
LIST OF EMBOSSED BOOKS,
PUINTED AT THE PeUKINS INSTITUTION AND ^MASSACHUSETTS SCIIOOI- FOK THE BLIND.
TITLE OF BOOK.
Book of Psalms,
New Testament,
Book of Common Prayer,
Baxter's Call,
Hymns for the Blind,
Pilgrim's Progress,
Natural Theology,
* Seleetions from the Works of Swedenborg, Biographical Sketches of Distinguished Persons, . Biographical Sketch of George Eliot, . IVIemoir of Dr. Samuel G. Howe, ....
Howe's Cyclopedia,
Latin Selections,
Combe's Constitution of JNIan, ....
Cutter's Anatomy, Physiology and Hygiene, .
" Life and her Children," or a Readerof Natural History
Philosophy of Natural History, ....
Geometrical Diagrams, ......
Wentworth's Grammar-school Arithmetic, .
Huxley's Science Primers, Introductory',
Higginson's Young Folks' History of the United States,
Constitution of the United States, .
Dickens's Child's History of England, .
Freeman's History of Europe,
Schmitz's History of Greece, ....
Sehmitz's History of Rome, ....
Washington and his Country,
Guyot's Geography,
Scrihner's Geographical Reader, .
American Prose,
Most Celebrated Diamonds, by Julia R. Anagnos, Dickens's Christmas Carol, with exti'acts from Pick- wick,
Dickens's David Copperfield, .... Dickens's Old Curiosity Shop,
Emerson's Essays,
Extracts from British and American Literature, George Eliot's Silas Marner, '. . . . Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield, . . . Hawtliorne's Scarlet Letter, .... Hawthorne's Tanglewood Tales, . Scott's Queutin Durward, ....
$3 00
50 00
50 00 00 00
3 00
25
3 00
32 00
00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 50 40 6 00 2 50 00 50 00 00 50 00 50
3 00 15 00 12 00
00 00 50 00 00 00 00
* Printed by the douor for free distribution.
114
List of Embossed Books — Continued.
TITLE OF BOOK.
Scotfs Talisman,
The Deacon's Week,
The Last Days of Pomijeii, by Edward Bulwer Lytton
Bryanfs Poems,
Byron's Hebrew Melodies, and Childe Harold, Poetry of Byron, selected by Matthew Arnold,
Holmes's Poems,
Longfellow's f]vangeline,
Longfellow's Evangeline, and other poems,
Longfellow's Hiawatha,
Lowell's Poems,
Milton's Paradise Lost, ....
Pope's Essay on Man, and other poems,
Scott's Lay of the Last Minstrel, and 37 other poems,
Shakespeare's Hamlet and Julius Ca?sar,
Shakespeare's King Henry Fifth, .
Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet, .
Tennyson's In Memoriam, and other poems,
Whittier's Poems,
Longfellow's Birthday, by Julia R. Anagnos Commemoration Ode, b}^ H. W. Stratton,
Juvenile Books. Script and point alphabet sheets, per hundred. An Eclectic Primer, Child's First Book, Child's Second Book, Child's Third Book, Child's Fourth Book, Child's Fifth Book, Child's Sixth Book, Child's Seventh Book, Youth's Library, volume 1, Youth's Library, volume 2, Youth's Librar}^ volume 3, Y^outh's Library, volume 4, Youth's Library, volume 5, Y'outh's Libraiy, volume 6, Youth's Library, volume 7, Youth's Library, volume 8, Andei'sen's Stones and Tales, Bible Stories in Bible Language, by Emilie Poulsson, Children's Fairy Book, by M. Anagnos, Eliot's Six Arabian Nights, Heidi : translated from the German by Mrs. Brooks, Kingsley's Greek Heroes, Little Lord Fauntleroy, .
f6 00
25
9 00
3 00
3 00
00 00 00 00 50 00 5 00
2 50
3 00
00 00 00 00 00 25 10
00 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 00 00 50 00 00 50 00
115
List of Embossed Books — Concluded.
|
= s |
||||
|
TITLK OF BOOK. |
6 5 |
u tn |
||
|
Lodge's Twelve Popular Tales, |
1 |
$2 00 |
||
|
Stories for Little Headers, hy l<2iuilie Poulsson, |
1 |
40 |
||
|
The Little Ones' Story Book (in press). |
- |
- |
||
|
The Queen of the Pirate Isle, |
1 |
40 |
||
|
The Story of a Short Life, by J. H. Ewing, . |
1 |
2 00 |
||
|
The Story of Patsy (in press), |
- |
- |
||
|
What Katy Did, by Susan Coolidge, |
1 |
2 50 |
||
|
IVIcsic. |
||||
|
A few German Chorals of J. S. Bach, .... |
1 |
50 |
||
|
Key to Braille's Musical Notation, |
1 |
35 |
||
|
Arban's Methotl for the Cornet and Sax-Horn, |
1 |
1 00 |
||
|
Forty-five Hymn Tunes, .... |
1 |
50 |
||
|
Opus 2i'>l, by Czerny, |
1 |
1 00 |
||
|
Musical Characters used b)' the Seeing, |
1 |
;]5 |
||
|
The Bridal Rose — Overture, |
1 |
50 |
||
|
The Color-Cuard March, .... |
1 |
25 |
||
|
The Little Rose AValtz, |
1 |
25 |
||
|
Twelfth Andante and Waltz, by Charles Bach, |
1 |
10 |
||
|
Urbach's Prize Piano School, |
2 |
4 00 |
N. B. The prices in the above list are set down per SET, not per vohime.
116
LIST OF APPLIANCES AND TANGIBLE APPARATUS
Made at the Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School for the Blind.
Geography. J. _ Wall Mam.
1. The Hemispheres, .
size, 42 by 52 inches.
CO and Canada,
2. United States, Mexi
3. North America,
4. South America,
5. Europe, .
6. Asia,
7. Africa,
8. The World on Mercator's Projection, "
Each, $35 ; or the set, $280.
//. — Di
1. Eastern Hemisphere,
2. Western Hemisphere,
3. North America
4. United States,
5. South America
6. Europe, .
7. Asia,
8. Africa,
ssected Maps.
size, 30 by 36 inches.
Each, $23 ; or the set, $184.
These maps are considered, in point of workmanship, accu- racy and distinctness of outline, durability and beauty, far superior to all thus far made in Europe or in this country.
117
"The New England Journal of Education" says, "They are \evy strong, present a fine, bright surface, and are an ornament to any school-room."
///. — Pin Maps. Cushions for pin maps and diagrams, . . . each, SO 75
Arithmetic. Ciphering-boards made of brass strips, nickel- plated, each, $3 00
Ciphering- types, nickel-plated, per hundred, . 1 00
Writing.
Grooved writing-cards, ..... each, $0 05
Braille tablets, with metallic bed, . . . " 1 50
Braille French tablets, with cloth bed, . . . " 1 00
Braille new tablets, with cloth bed, . . . " 1 00
APPENDIX A.
|rocccdin()f) of the Commcnremcnt (!f\-n*df)i!5
Perkins Institution and Massachusetts School eor the Blind.
COMMENCEMENT EXERCISES
OF TUE
PERKIIsIS INSTITUTION AND MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND.
The commencement exercises of the present year were marked by the graduation of a somewhat large class of young men and women, and by the introduction of the little pupils of the kindergarten as an established part of the educational scheme of this institution. It was also the first appearance of Edith M. Thomas, a blind deaf mute, yet a very intelligent little girl, who had been twenty months under instruction, during which time she had made excellent progress.
The familiar face of Laura Bridgman, always so eagerly looked for on these occasions, was sadly missed ; but the sadness was softened by the memory of the gentleness with which her spirit had at last been re- leased from the defective body through which it had bravely and cheerfully fought its way to higher lio-ht and life.
The daily and weekly journals of the city and sub- urbs very generally published, in advance, a notice of these commencement exercises, in style similar to the following, which is taken from the "Boston Home Journal " of May 25 : —
The Perkins Institutiou for the Blind will hold its com- mencement exercises at Tremont Temple, on Tuesday after- noon, June 4, at 3 o'clock. These annual exercises serve
122
to deepen in the public mind the conviction that blindness is no longer an insuperable obstacle to the acquirement of a liberal education, and the preparation needful for the ordinary duties of life. The present programme embraces recitations from different grades of scholars, from the little pupils of the kindergarten to the members of the graduating class. Both the literary and music departments are repre- sented, and so, too, is the department for physical culture. We note also a reading to be given by the blind deaf mute pupil, lildith M. Tliomas, whose education is progressing favorably at the kindergarten in Jamaica Plain. Addresses will be made by Dr. Samuel P'liot and Rev. James De Normandie ; valedictory by Miss Eunice French, and presen- tation of diplomas by Dr. Eliot. The usual arrangements for tickets are maintained, and those wishing to secure tickets for the floor or first balcony should make early appli- cation to the director, or at the salesroom of the institution, 37 Avon Street. The second balcony is free to the public.
To the friends and patrons of the school the follow- inof circular was sent : —
o
PERKINS INSTITUTION AND MASSACHUSETTS SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND.
Boston, May 11, 1889. To the Friends and Patrons of the Institution.
The Commencement Exercises of this school will be held at Tremont Temple, on Tuesday, June 4, at 3 p.m.
Samuel Eliot, LL.D., will preside, and Rev. James De Normandie will speak on the kindergarten for little sightless children.
You are most cordially invited to honor the occasion with your presence.
The seats on the floor and in the first balcony of the Tem- ple will be reserved for the choice of the members of the
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corporation, and the friends and patrons of the institution,
to whom tliis invitation is sent, until Saturday, May 25.
Tickets are ready for delivery, and tliose who may be desirous
of obtaining them are requested to send me a postal card
indicating the number wished for. It will give me very great
pleasure to forward them at once.
The seats will be reserved until three o'clock, punctually,
when standing persons will be permitted to occupy all vacant
places.
M. ANAGNOS.
PROGRAMME.
Part I.
ORGAN — Fugue in G minor, Bach.
C. A. W. HOWLANl).
1. OPENING REMARKS.
Dr. Samuel Eliot.
2. BAND — Overture, " The Bridal Rose," . . C. LavaUee.
3. EXERCISE IN PHYSICS.
By a Class of Bovs.
4. MUSICAL EXERCISES.
By the Kindergartex Children.
5. EXERCISE IN GEOGRAPHY.
C F. Forrester, W. A. INIesser, and F. J. L. O'Brien.
6. READING BY THE TOUCH.
Louisa Warrener and Myrtie A. Aldrich Also Edith M. Thomas, of the Kindergarten.
7. DUET FOR CLARINET AND CORNET — " Sing,
Smile, Slumber," Gounod.
John F. Morrison and John J. Clare.
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Part II.
1. GYMNASTICS and MILITARY DRILL.
2. TRIO — " Rest thee on this mossy pillow," , . Smart.
Mary E. Meleady, Fanny E. Jackson, and L. W. Titus.
3. THE KINDERGARTEN — "Butter-making.".
a. Fingerplay. b. Modeling in clay. c. Hay-making game. By the Kindergarten Children. Remarks on the Kindergarten by Rev. James De Normandie.
4. CHORUS FOR FEMALE VOICES - " Spinners' Chorus,"
from " Flying Dutchman," .... Wagner.
5. VALEDICTORY.
Mary Eunice French.
6. PRESENTATION OF DIPLOMAS.
By Dr. Samuel Eliot.
7. • CHORUS — "Joy! Joy! Freedom to-day!" . . Benedict.
NAMES OF GRADUATES.
Edward Everett Berry. Abby Ann Griffin.
Mary Germania Callahan. Lydia Young Hayes. Elwyn Horace Fowler. Alfred James Hosking.
Mary Eunice French. Ulysses Simpson Lyons.
Mary Flemington Grieve. George Marshall.
Mary Grace Walker.
KINDERGARTEN FOR THE BLIND.
The kindergarten has now $79, .591. 76 towards the endow- ment fund of $100,000. AVill not the public aid us in making up the remaiuing $20,408.24, thus enabling us to carry on this work with a sense of security that our income will cover expenses? All contributions, large or small, will be gratefully acknowledged by
EDWARD JACKSON, Treasurer,
No. 146 Franklin Street, Boston.
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LADIES' AUXILIARY AID SOCIETY.
A Ladies' Auxiliary Aid Society has been formed for the purpose of raising funds for current expenses, by annual subscriptions of one dollar and upwards. Branches of this society are being established in various parts of New England, and the friends of little sightless children are earnestly requested to become members. Annual subscriptions for current expenses may be sent to the treasiui'i- of this organization, Mrs. J. L. Gardner, No. 152 Beacon Street, Boston.
Mks. E. C. AGASSIZ, Mrs. T. MACK,
Miss E. L. ANDREW, Mrs. R. T. PAINE,
Mrs. WM. APPLETON, Miss EDITH ROTCH,
Miss C. T. ENDICOTT, Mrs. ROGER WOLCOTT,
Miss S. B. FAY, Mrs. J. M. FORBES,
Mrs. J. L. GARDNER,
Ladies' Visiting Committee.
Applications for tickets were incessantly coming in, from the lirst announcement of these exercises up to the very hour of the performance ; and the large hall was, as usual, well filled. On the platform were seated Mrs. Julia Ward Howe, Dr. Eliot and his daughter, Mrs. Morrison, Rev. James De Normandie, and ]\Ir. Samuel T. Cobb ; and of the hoard of trustees there were present Messrs. Dwight, Glover, AVales, Endicott, Temple, Thorndike and Heard.
At the close of Bach's fugue in G minor, played by C. A. ^V. Howland while the audience were taking
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their seats, Dr. Eliot, as president, welcomed the assembly in the following words : —
OPENING REMARKS BY PRESIDENT ELIOT.
In behalf of the officers and pupils of the Perkins Institu- tion and Massachusetts School for the Blind, I bid all these friends a cordial welcome. Those of you who have attended these exercises before need no introduction to them. You are perfectly aware what they are to be, and how far they illustrate the working of this school. To those who have never attended them, I have only to say that they will show what has been done to prepare these young people for places of usefulness and honor in the community. We regard, I need hardly say, the blind as on precisely the same level with the seeing, as far as relates to education. They have no inferior claim, and they have no superior claim, to seeing children. They come to our school to be trained, as children needing training ; not as blind, not as suffering, not as doomed to a life of deprivation, but as children of our Almighty Father, whose claim to education is precisely the same as the claim of other children whom he has brought into the world.
When the old prophet calls upon his people, in the name of the Almighty, to bear witness to the omnipotence of God, his first appeal is "to bring forth the blind that have eyes." I don't know that there can be any greater sign of Almighty Power than that the blind shall be brought forth with eyes. And here they come this afternoon ; here they come to show you, to show all who are interested in them, how far the difficulties of their lot have been overcome, and how they are prepared to enter into the great heritage of God's children, and to join with all the rest of them in furthering good and noble acts among men.
The first thing on the programme is a performance by the band, — an overture, — "The Bridal Rose."
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The exercise in ])li3;sic.s, which followed, consisted of an explanation of the parts and action of the steam engine, illustrated by a working model which was successfully operated l)y C. AV. Holmes. In the musi- cal exercises which came next the little kinderirarten pupils delighted the audience by the quickness and correctness with which they recognized and named a succession of musical tones and chords struck, at ran- dom, on the piano, While the children were thus engaged, three lads were rapidly putting together a dissected map, which proved to be a map of Africa. Their recitation showed a considerable knowledge of the geography, history and government of the countries of central and the colonies of southern Africa, the recent discoveries, and other facts of interest.
The selections read from embossed books, by Myrtie A. Aldrich and Louisa Warrener, were given with fluency and with distinct and pleasing enunciation. The little children of the kindergarten constitute a pleasing feature of the Tremont Temple exercises ; and at this first appearance of Edith Thomas she was warmly greeted, and her reading w^as followed with the liveliest interest. With the tiny fingers of one hand running swiftly along the lines, she caught every word of the story of hay making, while with the other hand she gave it to her teacher by the manual alphabet ; the latter repeating it orally to the audience. The reading was accompanied with many pretty gestures, and won hearty and well-deserved ai)plause. Several b()U(iucts were received from friends in the audience, who evidently enjoyed little Edith's pleasure while she examined the fiowers with the light and breezy touch of her delicate
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fingers. The first part of the programme ended with a duet for clarinet and cornet, — Gounod's, "Sing, Smile, Slumber," — acceptably rendered by John F. Morrison and John J. Clare.
Some idea of the physical training given was appar- ent in the gymnastics and military drill with which Part II. was opened. A company of little boys, dressed in blue flannel suits and red neckties, per- formed a dumb-bell exercise. These were followed by a class of girls in white flannel dresses, who handled their silver wands gracefully and with precision ; but the military drill executed by a class of sixteen youths elicited the heartiest applause. The trio sung by Misses Meleady and Jackson and Mr. Titus was highly commended ; and at its close the youngest children were placed at little tables arranged along the front of the platform, and supplied with clay, which they used in modeling various articles connected with but- ter-making. While they were thus employed. Dr. Eliot addressed the audience in the following words: —
REMARKS OF DR. ELIOT.
You see before you the children seated at the tables, and those beyond them on the front seats of the platform. There are thirty-one children in the kindergarten to-da}', and the kindergarten is full. There is one here this afternoon in addition to the thirty-one. He is included as a sort of super- numerary pupil of the kindergarten, but there is no room for him in the kindergarten at present. All told, there are thirty- two of these children under care. A year ago, at the expi- ration of the first year of the kindergarten, they were not here. A contagious disease having broken out in the house, it was impossible to bring them to the Temple to take part
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in these exercises. But liere they are to-day, and here they plead for tlieraselves. It needs no argiunent from me, or from any one else, to prove to you or to this intelligent coiumunity, that little sightless children need special training, or that this special training needs a special endowment. Here are two facts as plain as day, and they need no enforce- ment from anybody.
You see, on the last page of your programme, the state o^ the kindergarten, financially speaking. You see that it still needs twenty thousand dollars to complete the endow- ment of one hundred thousand ; and you see also that it needs a very large sum at present in order to provide for its actual expenses, and that to procure this sum the ladies have formed the Auxiliary Aid Society. This society has succeeded in obtaining about one quarter of the amount needed to meet the annual expenses of the kindergarten.
Now, my friends, here are the facts, here are the children, and here on this paper are the wants of the institution to which they belong. Can it ever be true that such an audience as this, filling this Temple this afternoon, will go away with- out carrying, each man and each woman, in their minds the settled purpose to perfect the endowment of the kindergarten for little sightless children, and to provide for the annual expenses of it until that endowment is completed? I should wrong your intelligence and your sympathy, I should wrong your Christian principle, if I doubted for a moment that every one of you will determine, at the end of these exer- cises, to do what is in his or in her power to sustain this great charity.
Two years ago we came here into this Temple and on this platform, and announced that the kindergarten building ■was completed, but that an endowment was still required ; and now, at the end of two years, the corporation and trustees, the officers and friends of the kindergarten are still obliged to plead that the work be completed. Oh, my friends, take
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it home with you, every one, bear it in your hearts, and make it sure that the enterprise, which has been begun in faith and in love of the children, shall never fail.
We are fortunate in having here this afternoon one who will plead this cause before you, one who will make up what- ever is deficient in these brief statements of mine ; and I need not ask your respectful and sympathetic attention to the Rev. James De Normandie, who will now speak in behalf of the kindergarten.
ADDRESS OF REV. JAMES DE NORMANDIE.
The part which I have been asked to take is to make an appeal in behalf of this school, this kindergarten for the blind, the work of whose pupils you have to-day witnessed, whose voices you have listened to, and whose progress you have marked with the amazement, the gratitude, the emotion I have seen in your countenances ; children brought by the wonderful power of patient, wise, experienced training, out of a world of darkened vacancy to a world of helpfulness and activity, to a world if not of actual outward vision, to one of ever-increasing brightness and happiness.
But could any lips touched by the muse's inspiration or by an angel's grace plead with you as these little ones plead, that there may be every opportunity which advancing knowledge and inci easing devotion can give for them to pursue their development, and for all sightless ones, — where- ever they may be, born into the world without even one glance upon its beauty which is such a ceaseless joy to you and to me, or, with that one glance, by disease or accident soon turned into a fading memory, — to have the same opportunity.
One day, as I was walking past this school in the Rox- bury district, soon after it was opened to its uses, I thought of what I once read in early Christian history ; for you
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know it is the glory of Christianity that its liistory has been a record of charity and beneficence toward the sick, the unfortunate, and the poor. Charity in its largest, broadest, deepest sense seems to have been the creation of Christianity, and the precepts and examples of Jesus and his followers aroused a sentiment of philanthropy which the older wor- ships never knew, — a sentiment which has been spreading and growing more beneficent down to our day. Well, it was the aim of the early Christians to carry their gospel into practical life by establishing hospitals for the sick. I am not sure there was anythiug at all corresponding to them before the religion of Jesus came, with its words of helpfulness and healing. One of these institutions was established by St. Basil, near to the city of Caesarea. It was for lepers, the victims of that loathsome disease, to alleviate which, only a few weeks since, we heard of a noble Catholic priest laying down his life. A writer of that day, speaking of that benevolent institution and its founder, says: "Take a walk out of the city and see that new city, that sanctuary of charity, that treasury where at his call come the superfluity of the rich, and what was necessary to the poor, to be deposited where thieves and moths and envy come not. Shall I compare with this edifice Thebes with its hundred gates, or Babylon, or the pyramids, or the Colosseum, and all those monuments' which have secured to their founders only a barren glory ? " So, when I walk by this home for sightless little children, humble and unpre- tentious as it is, and when I think of what is going on within its homelike rooms, it seems to me to be touched by a glory which is wanting in all the grand monuments which have been reared to tell of victories man has gained, or even the temples where ho worshipped : for here is the religion turned into life; here is the story of the good Samaritan re-told every day ; here are the beatitudes written upon the lintels of its doors.
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Think what a marvellous change has taken place in the care of these little ones. I once went to visit a school for children in Egypt. A great many of them were blind, — for, owing to the filth in which they live, or the burning glare of the sun upon the sand, a very large proportion are born, or they very early become, blind, — and the teacher was an old man, himself nearly blind, standing at one cor- ner of the room with its earth floor, and with a rod long enough to reach to the farthest offenders, and to descend upon them when they did not correctly recite passages of the Koran ; and this was all their learning, their geography, their arithmetic, their grammar, — this was all their care. Compare this with what is being done here, — with this sweet singing, with this good reading, with the opening to these minds the sweet hymns and the beautiful biographies and the best literature which other children read ; with the healthful physical training, with these skilled fingers ; and when we see what these little ones have done, in spite of their limitations, is it not enough to make the best of us ashamed of the work we do without these barriers? Do some of us, even with eyes, see as much or make as much of our lives?
And when we think of that name known throughout Christendom, that marvellous triumph of Dr. Howe's patience and genius and love and faith, whose vision has just opened to the eternal things ; when we think of Helen Keller and Edith Thomas and the rest, — where can we find such proofs of the power of training of the human faculties? And if by that training fifty per cent., as it has been said, may be restored, and all the rest brought to that border-line where it would take but a little step to have the glory of this world burst upon them, is it too much to hope that even that step may be taken by the skill of science and the patience of hope and the power of faith? May it not be that such a promise lurks beneath the words of him who said, "The works which I do shall ye do also, and even
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greater," and that every little blind Bartimeus begging for light may be gathered into such homes and find the hands which can anoint its eyes, and open them to the beauty of this world? Be that as it may, you see liere from year to year what has been done. It is a promise of still greater things. It is a plea to open such opportunities to every sightless child. All such, wherever they may be, plead for it, Christianity pleads for it, humanity pleads for it.
I know full well the many appeals which come to us. There are those thousands of lifeless bodies and wretched homes and broken hearts in the valleys of Pennsylvania ; there are the numberless, ceaseless charities which every day brings to light ; and no deserving appeal comes to the great heart of Massachusetts in vain. What are we here for, we who are favored, but to meet them and seek them and answer them until they are satisfied ? I know how nobly you have responded to this charity already. One looks over the list with moistened eye and a gratified heart, as if he were one of their beneficiaries ; but yet we must appeal to you again. We want about twenty thousand dollars to make the fund self-supporting. We want it now. Here are two thousand persons. Ten dollars from each one would be enough. Cannot each young person raise that amount? Some can a great deal more. Let each one of us set aside that sum before the summer vacation begins. What are we here for, bi;t to keep the divine law of proportion in what we do for ourselves and what we do for others? You are going to foreign lands to see what glorious monuments man has reared in the past, and you are going to wander among their ivy-covered ruins ; you are going to see the works of man's art, the beautiful paintings and statues of the old artists : or you are going to your summer homes to watch each day the unwearying glory of the eternal ocean, or the forests on the mountain slope, or the pastures by the sunnner streams, or the sweet succession of the opening Mowers and the
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mellowing fruits. Before we go, let us send to the treasurer of this home what he needs to carry on the work. These little ones ask it ; some fifty thousand in this country ask it ; these patient, gifted teachers ask it ; Jesus asks it, as he still says to us, " Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these little ones, ye have done it unto me." We ask it not only for their benefit but for ours, the givers, that we may know more and more that that charity which helps others is like a fountain by the roadside, which stays the thirst of the passer-by, and yet is still full and flowing on.
The little children had now completed their mod- eling, and exhibited, in turn, and explained the uses of the various articles they had made, — a milk pail, a pan, a skimmer, a churn, a butter- worker, and finally a roll of butter. Then followed a hay-making game, after which the kindergarten orchestra, which Mr. Anagnos said had only been started about a month, gave a very amusing entertainment with tam- bourine, dulcimer, triangle, drum, harmonica and clap- pers. Wagner's "Spinners' Chorus" was rendered by a choir of female voices, followed by the
VALEDICTORY BY MARY EUNICE FRENCH.
In this commencement month of the year, when all nature rejoices in freshness and beauty, and the perfume of many blossoms fills the air, our attention is called to the silent growth of the plants. They receive the warm sunshine and rain, imbibing from them and the earth the special elements adapted to their particular needs, changing and developing these elements into materials for their separate growth. As a result of this mysterious process, we have the unfolding of leaf and flower. So we, especially in our school days, which constitute the spring-time of our lives, receive lasting
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impressions from our surroundings, drawing from books :uid companionsliip with cultured lives tlie elements necessary for lu'althy growtli.
Tiic result of this growth — the (lower watched and waited for — is character, ever developing nearer to that beauty and symmetry which the rose reveals in its perfection ; and, as that llower lives not for itself, but gives forth its fragrance to all, unsparingly, so the true character is not only con- stantly receiving, but constantly giving, exerting an intluence, as subtle as the fragrance of the rose, upon the lives wath which it comes in contact, making them better and happier.
A developed character has independence. It does not continually demand society, because it possesses in itself qualities which may be relied upon for instruction and recre- ation. Character, unlike the symbolic flower, is enduring ; the world is its test. It cannot always remain sheltered within the school-room ; the duties of life nuist be assumed, with the resolution bravely to face the storms, and to be true to the perceptions of right and w^-ong Avhich it has cultivated.
There come in all lives periods made special by important changes, at which times, more than at others, the mind is occupied with reflections of the past and hopes for the future. It is with such feelings that we approach this occasion. In the past lie the happy days of our school life, with the many helpful friendsliips and pleasant associations w'hich will remain with us, among whatever surroundings we may And our places. For the future our ambition pictures noble lives of usefulness. The school years which are closing have been preparing us for such lives, and we must not prove false to their teaching, but ever advance towards those heights of mind and soul which alone give perfect satisfaction.
To His Excellency the Governor, and the members of the Legislature of INIassachusetts, and to the corresponding repre- sentatives of the several New Knjjland States, wo extend
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our thanks for the generous support which they have tendered to our school. Trustees, we wish to express our gratitude for the kind interest which you have ever manifested in our welfare and advancement. Director, teachers and matrons, our words are too weak to express our feelings towards you. Your words of encouragement and counsel we shall always treasure in our remembrance, and strive to live in accord- ance with them.
The memory of her, the loved and honored friend of all, whose pure life has passed from our midst so recently, will ever stimulate us to press forward and make the best use of our powers.
Schoolmates, you with whom we have spent so many happy hours, you constitute the school ; by your progress only can it advance. May you make the progress sure, rising each day above newly conquered obstacles. Fellow- graduates, for many years we have received the care and instruction of our alma mater, and as we say farewell, knowing that our school days are at an end, we also know that our studying is not ended, but will continue in life's large school, where, as we take our places among its workers, may we prove our gratitude to the school to which we owe so much.
The graduating class, which numbered eleven mem- bers, now came forward to receive their diplomas from the hands of Dr. Eliot, who made the following address : —
I congratulate you, my young friends, on the happy circumstances in which you come before this great audience to receive your diplomas ; for the great audience is full of sympathy for you, full of feeling for all that you have done and for all that is yet before you to do. Your friends are here, many of them on this platform ; among them, one who has been your friend as long as you have
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been in the school, and wlio has Avatchc(l you directly and indirectly through every year of your studies ; she who has lately celebrated her birthday, crowning a beau- tiful and l)cneficent career, is here to wish you well, and to join in the good wishes which we all desire to express to you.
Your valedictorian has just said that you look back- ward at this hour, that you remember how dear the school is to you, and how nuich you owe to it in these years that have passed away. I don't think that any of you can be in any haste to leave it. You have felt so deeply all that it has been to you, 3'ou have known so entirely all that it has done for you, that you cannot desire to part from it one moment sooner than it is rea- sonable and right for j'ou to do. You do not part from it, although you become its graduates ; you are still its members, and the school depends upon 3'ou in the years that are to come for lo3''al and faithful affection, for dis- interested support, and for all that the graduates of the school alone can do to make it beneficent and prosperous and happy.
There was a mission in South Africa which the natives called " Esibaneui," " the place of the torch." They felt that in that mission there had been a light lit up for them to last through their lives. And I am sure that you will feel that in this school which you are leav- ing a liglit has been lit up for you, and that it places in your hands the responsibility of lighting up something to illumine the paths of others. Light is nothing if merely received. It must be given as well as received, to be entirely light, and no one who is content with re- ceiving it alone is really illuminated ; for the possession of anything in the way of truth, of knowledge, of hope, of faith, is a stimulus to give it to others, as a means of mak- ing their lives happy, as ours have been made happy.
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The world is full of examples of what the blind have done to make those around them better and nobler and wiser for their having lived. I read a little while ago a biography of an English woman, Elizabeth Gilbert, daughter of the Bishop of Chichester, who, although blind, had yet been trained like her sisters, could find her way around the intricacies of